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Med Term > Chapter 3: Prefixes > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Prefixes Flashcards

1
Q

What is a prefix in medical terminology?

A

A prefix is a word element located at the beginning of a word.

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2
Q

How does changing a prefix affect the meaning of a medical word?

A

Substituting one prefix for another alters the meaning of the word.

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3
Q

What does the prefix macro- mean?

A

Large.

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4
Q

What does the prefix micro- mean?

A

Small.

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5
Q

What is the meaning of the medical word ‘macr/o/cyte’?

A

A large cell.

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6
Q

What is the meaning of the medical word ‘micr/o/cyte’?

A

A small cell.

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7
Q

What is the root and suffix in the word ‘pre/nat/al’?

A

Root: nat (birth), Suffix: -al (pertaining to).

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8
Q

What does the prefix ‘pre-‘ indicate?

A

Before.

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9
Q

What does the prefix ‘peri-‘ indicate?

A

Around.

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10
Q

What does the prefix ‘post-‘ indicate?

A

After.

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11
Q

What does the term ‘pre/nat/al’ refer to?

A

Pertaining to the period before birth.

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12
Q

What does the term ‘peri/nat/al’ refer to?

A

Pertaining to the period around birth.

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13
Q

What does the term ‘post/nat/al’ refer to?

A

Pertaining to the period after birth.

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14
Q

What are prefixes of position in medical terminology?

A

Prefixes that describe a place or location.

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15
Q

What do prefixes of number and measurement indicate?

A

An amount, size, or degree of involvement.

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16
Q

What do prefixes of direction indicate?

A

A pathway or route.

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17
Q

What does the prefix ‘endo-‘ mean?

A

In, within.

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18
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘endo/crine’?

A

Secrete within.

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19
Q

What does the term ‘endocrine’ describe?

A

A gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream.

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20
Q

What does the prefix ‘intra-‘ mean?

A

Within.

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21
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘intra/muscul/ar’?

A

Pertaining to within the muscle.

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22
Q

What does the prefix ‘epi-‘ mean?

A

Above, upon.

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23
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘epi/derm/is’?

A

Upon the skin.

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24
Q

What does the term ‘epidermis’ refer to?

A

The outer layer of the skin.

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25
Q

What does the prefix ‘hypo-‘ mean?

A

Under, below; deficient.

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26
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘hypo/derm/ic’?

A

Pertaining to under the skin.

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27
Q

What are hypodermic needles used for?

A

Subcutaneous injections and to take fluid samples.

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28
Q

What does the prefix ‘infra-‘ mean?

A

Under, below.

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29
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘infra/cost/al’?

A

Below the ribs.

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30
Q

What does the prefix ‘sub-‘ mean?

A

Under.

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31
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘sub/cutane/ous’?

A

Pertaining to under the skin.

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32
Q

What does the term ‘inter/cost/al’ refer to?

A

Between the ribs.

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33
Q

What does the prefix ‘retro-‘ mean?

A

Backward, behind.

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34
Q

What is the medical word analysis for ‘retro/version’?

A

Turning backward.

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35
Q

What does retroversion refer to?

A

Tipping backward of an organ from its normal position.

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36
Q

What does the prefix ‘bi-‘ mean?

A

two

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37
Q

What does the prefix ‘dipl-‘ refer to?

A

double

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38
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix ‘hemi-‘?

A

one-half

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39
Q

What does ‘hyper-‘ indicate?

A

excessive, above normal

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40
Q

What does the prefix ‘macro-‘ mean?

A

large

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41
Q

What does the prefix ‘micro-‘ signify?

A

small

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42
Q

What does ‘mono-‘ indicate?

A

one

43
Q

What does the prefix ‘uni-‘ mean?

A

one

44
Q

What does ‘multi-‘ refer to?

A

many, much

45
Q

What does the prefix ‘poly-‘ mean?

A

many

46
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix ‘quadri-‘?

A

four

47
Q

What does the prefix ‘tri-‘ signify?

A

three

48
Q

Define the term ‘bi/later/al’.

A

pertaining to two sides

49
Q

What does ‘dipl/opia’ mean?

A

double vision

50
Q

What does ‘hemi/plegia’ refer to?

A

paralysis of one half

51
Q

What is ‘hyper/calc/emia’?

A

excessive calcium in the blood

52
Q

What does ‘macro/cyte’ mean?

A

large cell

53
Q

What does ‘micro/scope’ refer to?

A

instrument for examining small objects

54
Q

What is ‘mono/therapy’?

A

one treatment

55
Q

What does ‘uni/nucle/ar’ mean?

A

pertaining to one nucleus

56
Q

What does ‘multi/gravida’ signify?

A

woman who has been pregnant more than once

57
Q

What does ‘poly/phobia’ refer to?

A

fear of many things

58
Q

What is ‘quadri/plegia’?

A

paralysis of four

59
Q

What does ‘tri/ceps’ mean?

A

three heads

60
Q

What does the prefix ‘ab-‘ signify?

A

from, away from

61
Q

What does ‘ad-‘ mean?

A

toward

62
Q

What does the prefix ‘circum-‘ indicate?

A

around

63
Q

What is the meaning of ‘peri-‘?

A

around

64
Q

What does ‘dia-‘ refer to?

A

through, across

65
Q

What does ‘ecto-‘ mean?

A

outside, outward

66
Q

Define ‘circum/ren/al’.

A

pertaining to around the kidney

67
Q

What does ‘peri/odont/al’ mean?

A

pertaining to around a tooth

68
Q

What is ‘dia/rhea’?

A

abnormally frequent discharge or flow

69
Q

What does ‘trans/vagin/al’ signify?

A

pertaining to across or through the vagina

70
Q

What does ‘ecto/gen/ous’ mean?

A

forming outside the body or structure

71
Q

What does ‘exo/tropia’ refer to?

A

turning outward

72
Q

What does ‘extra/crani/al’ mean?

A

pertaining to outside the skull

73
Q

What does the prefix ‘dara’ mean?

A

near, beside; beyond

‘Dara’ is used to indicate proximity or relation.

74
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix ‘super’?

A

upper, above

‘Super’ indicates a position that is higher or superior.

75
Q

What does the prefix ‘supra-‘ signify?

A

above; excessive; superior

‘Supra-‘ often refers to a position above another structure.

76
Q

Define the prefix ‘ultra-‘

A

excess, beyond

‘Ultra-‘ indicates something that exceeds normal limits.

77
Q

What does ‘para/nas/al’ mean?

A

beside the nose

From ‘nas’ meaning nose and ‘al’ meaning pertaining to.

78
Q

What is the meaning of ‘super/ior’?

A

pertaining to above or the upper part of a structure

‘Superior’ indicates a higher position.

79
Q

What does ‘supra/ren/al’ refer to?

A

pertaining to above the kidney

‘Ren’ means kidney, and ‘al’ means pertaining to.

80
Q

Define ‘ultra/son/ic’.

A

pertaining to sound beyond (that which can be heard by the human ear)

‘Son’ means sound and ‘ic’ means pertaining to.

81
Q

What does the prefix ‘a-‘ indicate?

A

without, not

Commonly used before consonants.

82
Q

What is the meaning of ‘a/mast/ia’?

A

without a breast

‘Mast’ refers to breast, and ‘ia’ indicates a condition.

83
Q

What does the prefix ‘an-‘ signify?

A

without

Used before vowels.

84
Q

Define ‘an/esthesia’.

A

without feeling

‘Esthesia’ means feeling.

85
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix ‘anti-‘?

A

against

Indicates opposition to something.

86
Q

What does ‘anti/bacter/al’ refer to?

A

against bacteria

‘Bacteri’ means bacteria.

87
Q

Define ‘contra/ception’.

A

against conceiving

‘Ception’ refers to conceiving.

88
Q

What does the prefix ‘auto-‘ mean?

A

self, own

Indicates self-reference.

89
Q

What is ‘auto/graft’?

A

transplantation to self

Tissue transplanted from one site to another in the same person.

90
Q

What does the prefix ‘brady-‘ signify?

A

slow

Often used in medical terms related to heart rate.

91
Q

Define ‘brady/cardia’.

A

slow heart rate

‘Cardia’ refers to heart.

92
Q

What does the prefix ‘dys-‘ indicate?

A

bad; painful; difficult

Used to describe conditions that are abnormal or problematic.

93
Q

What is ‘dys/tocia’?

A

difficult childbirth

‘Tocia’ means childbirth or labor.

94
Q

What does the prefix ‘eu-‘ mean?

A

good, normal

Indicates a positive or normal condition.

95
Q

Define ‘eu/pnea’.

A

normal breathing

‘Pnea’ refers to breathing.

96
Q

What does the prefix ‘hetero-‘ mean?

A

different

Used in medical terms such as heterograft, which refers to different transplantation.

97
Q

What is a heterograft?

A

A transplant from one species to another

Also referred to as xenograft.

98
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix ‘homo-‘?

A

same

Used in terms like homograft, indicating same transplantation.

99
Q

What is a homograft?

A

A graft of tissue or an organ taken from a donor of the same species as the recipient

Also known as an allograft.

100
Q

What common organs are typically transplanted as homografts?

A
  • kidneys
  • lungs
  • heart

These organs are often involved in transplantation procedures.

101
Q

What does the prefix ‘homeo-‘ signify?

A

similar

Used in terms like homeoplasia, which refers to the formation of similar tissue.

102
Q

What does the term ‘homeoplasia’ refer to?

A

Formation or growth of same (or similar) tissue

The prefix ‘homeo-‘ indicates similarity in tissue types.

103
Q

What does the prefix ‘tachy-‘ mean?

A

rapid

Commonly used in medical terminology to describe fast functions, such as tachypnea.

104
Q

What is tachypnea?

A

Rapid breathing

The term is derived from the prefix ‘tachy-‘ meaning rapid, and ‘pnea’ meaning breathing.

Med Term (9 decks)

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