Chapter 3, 4 Flashcards
If you press the key corresponding to letter A on the keyboard, what process is carried out inside the CPU to display the letter on the screen?
‘A’ is converted to binary code, which the CPU processes. The computer then converts the code back ‘A’ for display.
Which of the following refers to a condition in which the CPU performs well but the bus speed is slow?
Bottlenecking
When should a user consider restoring the operating system?
When programs or apps do not start properly
Which of the following is a necessary step in maintaining computer hardware?
Using a UPS or a surge processor
When considering a computer to purchase, which of the following factors involves the operating system of the computer?
Platform
Jennifer turns on her laptop and hears a series of beeps. What do they probably indicate?
internal hardware problem
What performance specification does 2 GHz refer to?
The 2 GHz is the clock speed which is the speed at which the processor executes instructions. It is an important performance specification.
What should you do if a headset plugged into your computer is not working properly?
Update the device driver.
Which of the following is a game controller that is held with both hands and used to control movement of on-screen objects by pressing buttons and moving hardware components?
Gamepad
What is the correct sequence of processing instructions in a machine cycle?
Fetch à decode à execute à store
When Alice turned on her laptop this morning, the screen displayed only colorful horizontal lines. Which of the following is most likely to have a problem?
video card
Which of the following types of RAM needs to be constantly recharged to retain the contents?
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
What type of hard drive has no moving parts, making it fast and durable?
solid state drive
Which of the following factors can affect processor performance of a CPU?
Clock speed
What determines the speed at which data travels?
Bus width
Where on a computer is the operating system generally stored?
Internal hard drive- ROM
Which of these is an optical medium of storage?
Blu-ray disc
Which of the following devices is the easiest to upgrade, such as by adding RAM?
Desktop computers
What is the recommended solution if a computer performs slowly?
Freeing up disk space and increasing RAM capacity improves a computer’s performance.
When a CPU executes instructions as it converts input into output, it does so with _____.
the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit
What does an operating system provide so you can interact with a device?
graphical user interface
Which of the following features is a way to make a computer do what you want it to do?
One way to make a computer do what you want it to do is to use a menu.
In Windows, you use _____ to reorder, move, and navigate between folders.
File Explorer or file manager
A file manager is used for all of the following except ____.
You can use a file manager to reorder, move, or navigate between folders.
When does the boot process start?
when you turn on your computer
What is the most common type of volatile memory?
RAM
Which of the following terms refers to the area of the hard drive used for virtual memory?
swap file
Which of the following statements is true about the Clipboard?
It is temporary storage that holds a selection until you paste it into a document or folder.
What is the main purpose of an operating system?
The operating system is responsible for coordinating the resources and activities on a computer. It is a go-between for you and the computer. It also manages interactions between hardware and software. Finally, it directs internal components.
Which of the following can you run to find and remove unnecessary files?
disk cleanup utility
Where can you pin frequently used apps for easy access?
Operating systems allow you to make adjustments such as pinning frequently used apps to the taskbar for easy access.
How is an executable file different from a data file?
Unlike a data file, you cannot open and read an executable file. You run it to perform a task, such as opening a program or app.
What type of window are you opening when you click the Start button on the Windows desktop, and then click the name of an app?
main window
If you have a file that has billions of bytes of data, then it would be measured in _____.
File size is usually measured in kilobytes (thousands of bytes of data), megabytes (millions of bytes of data), or gigabytes (billions of bytes of data).
A(n) _____ contains the instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps.
An executable file contains the instructions your computer or device needs to run programs and apps.
Which of the following is a step in the boot process?
The operating system files are loaded into RAM.
_____ is data and instructions entered into the memory of a device.
Input. The bootstrap program executes a series of tests to check the components, including the RAM, keyboard, and storage, and identifies connected devices, and checks their settings.
The bootstrap program executes which of the following?
The bootstrap program executes a series of tests to check the components, including the RAM, keyboard, and storage, and identifies connected devices, and checks their settings.
During the boot process, what does the processor do after the computer circuits receive power?
It begins to run the bootstrap program.
Simon has difficulty pressing and holding more than one key at a time, such as CTRL+ALT+DEL. What setting can he change to make this task easier?
Enable sticky keys.
You can adjust the keyboard setting to change the commands associated with certain keys, and other modifications, including creating new keyboard shortcuts to commands or enabling sticky keys, which allow you to press keyboard shortcuts one key at a time instead of simultaneously.
How do you know if a device is an input device or an output device?
An input device enters data and instructions into the memory of the device. An output device is how the processed information is displayed.
An operating system is also called a(n) _____.
Platform.
The operating system manages the complete operation of the computer and lets you interact with it. The operating system starts the word processing program and provides the tools for you to open the document file.
When you want to add information to a document, what role does your operating system play?
saves your unsaved work to temporary storage
What would you need to install if you have an app that is incompatible with your current operating system?
A virtual machine enables a computer or device to run another operating system in addition to the one installed.
Which of the following operating systems would allow a user to add functionality and sell or give away their versions?
Linux is distributed under the terms of a General Public License (GPL), which allows you to copy the OS for your own use, to give to others, or to sell.
On a desktop, the _____ is the window you are currently using, and it appears in front of any other open windows.
active window.
A program window displays a running program and a folder window displays contents of a drive, folder, or device.
