Chapter 3

Question 1

What type of microscope yields the highest magnification?

Answer 1

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

Question 2

What is the main substance of the plasma membrane a bi-layer of?

Answer 2

Bilayer of phospholipids

Question 3

What are the three substances found within the plasma membrane bi-layer?

Answer 3

• Carbohydrates
• Cholesterol
• Proteins

Question 4

What organelle is the control center of the cell and houses the DNA?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

What organelle produces protein?

Answer 5

Rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum)

Question 6

What organelle is the cell’s powerhouse where energy is produced?

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

What two organelles break down harmful substances?

Answer 7

• Lysosomes
• Peroxisomes

Question 8

What are the two steps of protein synthesis?

Answer 8

• transcription
• translation

Question 9

What is the phase of mitosis where chromosomes condense?

Answer 9

Prophase

Question 10

What is the phase of mitosis where chromosomes pull apart?

Answer 10

Anaphase

Question 11

DNA replicates during which phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 11

S phase

Question 12

Which process requires energy by the cell: Diffusion, Osmosis, Endocytosis, or Filtration?

Answer 12

Endocytosis

Question 13

What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 13

swells up