CHAPTER 25: Immunization and Vaccines

Question 1

Suppose an individual develops antibodies in response to a streptococcal pharyngitis infection. This is an example of
a. active immunity.
b. passive immunity.
c. adoptive immunity.
d. immunoprophylaxis.

Answer 1

a. active immunity.

Question 2

Which of the following illustrates passive immunity?
a. Development of high antibody titers in a healthy person after receipt of the hepatitis B vaccine
b. Recovery of a patient from a hepatitis A infection
c. Passage of IgG antibodies through the placenta of a pregnant woman to her fetus
d. Transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to a cancer patient

Answer 2

c. Passage of IgG antibodies through the placenta of a pregnant woman to her fetus

Question 3

Which of the following is not a characteristic of passive immunity?
a. Transfer of antibodies
b. Occurs naturally or as a result of therapy
c. Provision of immediate protection
d. Development of long-term memory
d. Development of long-term memory

Answer 3

d. Development of long-term memory

Question 4

What was one of the major contributions of Louis Pasteur to vaccine development?
a. Development of the smallpox vaccine
b. Use of attenuated microorganisms in vaccines
c. Inactivation of bacterial toxins for vaccines
d. Discovery of recombinant vaccine antigens

Answer 4

b. Use of attenuated microorganisms in vaccines

Question 5

The antigenic component of the hepatitis B vaccine differs from those of many of the conventional vaccines in that it consists of a
a. live, attenuated virus.
b. inactivated virus.
c. cryptic antigen.
d. recombinant antigen.

Answer 5

d. recombinant antigen.

Question 6

Which of the following describes the properties of a toxoid?
a. Both pathogenic and immunogenic
b. Pathogenic but not immunogenic
c. Not pathogenic but immunogenic
d. Neither pathogenic nor immunogenic

Answer 6

c. Not pathogenic but immunogenic

Question 7

Suppose a vaccine was available in two forms: attenuated and inactivated. What is an advantage of the attenuated form?
a. It can be used in immunocompromised patients.
b. It induces both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
c. There is no interference of the immune response in infants by maternal antibodies.
d. It does not require special handling and storage to maintain its effectiveness.

Answer 7

b. It induces both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Question 8

What factor(s) influence the effectiveness of a person’s immune response to a vaccine?
a. Age of the recipient
b. The individual’s immune status
c. The nature of the vaccine
d. All of the above

Answer 8

d. All of the above

Question 9

An oral vaccine may be advantageous over an injectable vaccine for a pathogen because it
a. reduces the risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens in developing areas of the world.
b. avoids the pain associated with injections.
c. induces mucosal immunity.
d.all of the above.

Answer 9

d.all of the above.

Question 10

When one individual becomes immunized by receiving a series of vaccine injections according to schedule, the resulting protection extends to that individual’s nearby contacts. This concept is known as
a. immunologic memory.
b. neighborhood immunity.
c. herd immunity.
d. contagious immunity.

Answer 10

c. herd immunity.

Question 11

Which preparation would you recommend for treatment of a patient with an antibody deficiency?
a. Monoclonal antibody
b. Specific human immune serum globulin
c. Standard human immune serum globulin
d. Animal serum antitoxins

Answer 11

c. Standard human immune serum globulin

Question 12

Immunoglobulins consisting of a mouse-derived variable region combined with a human-derived constant region are known as
a. monoclonal antibodies.
b. chimeric antibodies.
c. humanized antibodies.
d. fully human antibodies.

Answer 12

b. chimeric antibodies.

Question 13

HAMA are
a. mouse-derived antibodies that have been used for therapy.
b. monoclonal antibodies with therapeutic benefits.
c. human antibodies that are produced against mouse proteins.
d. antitoxins that can provide immediate immunity.

Answer 13

c. human antibodies that are produced against mouse proteins.

Question 14

What is a major characteristic of adoptive immunotherapy?
a. It involves the transfer of cells to deliver immunity.
b. It involves the transfer of cytokines to deliver immunity.
c. It can only occur in the presence of autologous cells.
d. Its purpose is to increase the humoral immune response.

Answer 14

a. It involves the transfer of cells to deliver immunity.

Question 15

Infusion of TILs into a cancer patient is an example of
a. active immunity.
b. adoptive immunity.
c. passive immunity.
d. natural immunity.

Answer 15

b. adoptive immunity.