Chapter 22: Obstructive pulmonary disorders

Question 1

true or false: obstructive lung diseases are manifested by increased resistance to airflow

Answer 1

true

Question 2

what is asthma characterized by?

Answer 2

airway obstruction that is reversible
airway inflammation
increased airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli

Question 3

what are the two types of asthma ?

Answer 3

intrinsic (non-allergic)

extrinsic (allergic)

Question 4

which immunoglobulin mediates extrinsic asthma most commonly?

Answer 4

IgE

Question 5

what are some inflammatory mediators?

Answer 5

histamine
leukotrienes
cytokines

Question 6

what is the pathogenesis of asthma?

Answer 6

normal respiratory epithelium replaced goblet cells that result in mucosal edema, inflammatory exudates, and hyperresponsiveness of the airway

Question 7

what is acute bronchitis?

Answer 7

acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi

Question 8

what is the distinct hallmark of acute bronchitis ?

Answer 8

recent onset cough

Question 9

true or false: inhaled short-acting B2 agonist are given to cause bronchodilation for patients with chronic bronchitis

Answer 9

true

Question 10

what is the etiology of emphysema?

Answer 10

destructive changes of the alveolar walls without fibrosis
abnormal enlargement of the distal air sacs
reversible damage

Question 11

true or false: radial traction is normally used to hold the airway open

Answer 11

true

Question 12

bronchiectasis is define as?

Answer 12

obstruction of bronchi due to inflammation, infection, and dilation of the bronchial wall of medium sized bronchi and bronchioles

Question 13

bronchiolitis is defined as?

Answer 13

widespread inflammation of bronchioles as a result of infectious agents

Question 14

the etiology of croup syndrome is from?

Answer 14

a number of acute, viral inflammatory diseases of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi