Chapter 2 (Pt. 3)

Question 1

which has the largest diameter out of the three cytoskeletal components

Answer 1

microtubules

Question 2

microtubules are a hollow tube, where the walls of the tube are a helical polymer of ?

Answer 2

tubulin protein dimers

Question 3

microtubules are similar to microfilaments how?

Answer 3

in the sense that they can grow and shrink rapidly

Question 4

_____ have directionality, so microtubules do too

Answer 4

tubulin dimers

Question 5

what are some of the main functions of microtubules?

Answer 5

structural support; cell division; cilia/flagella

Question 6

what are the two types of motor proteins found in eukaryotic cells, and what powers them?

Answer 6

kinesins and dyneins; ATP hydrolysis

Question 7

in what directions do kinesins and dyneins transport cargo?

Answer 7

kinesins: towards + end of microtubules
dyneins: toward - end of microtubules

Question 8

MTOCs are in ___ cells? what does MTOC stand for?

Answer 8

eukaryotic

microtubule organizing centers

Question 9

what do MTOCs develop that is crucial to cell division?

Answer 9

the spindle apparatus

Question 10

what are the three main types of spindle apparatus microtubules?

Answer 10

kinetochore

polar

astral

Question 11

what are found near an animal cell’s nucleus?

Answer 11

centrosomes

Question 12

what are specialized cylinders of microtubules that inhabit the centrosome called

Answer 12

centrioles

Question 13

each centrosome has a mother and daughter centriole, oriented at a

Answer 13

90 degree angle

Question 14

each centriole is a hollow cylinder made of

Answer 14

nine triplets of microtubules (9x3 array)

Question 15

centrosome will replicate during __ to prepare for cell division

Answer 15

S phase of interphase

Question 16

after cell division, each daughter cell will have _ centrosome

Answer 16

1

Question 17

the __ can form a basal body by attaching to the cell membrane

Answer 17

mother centriole

Question 18

basal bodies are found at the base of each __

Answer 18

flagellum and cilium

Question 19

cilia and eukaryotic flagella have an __ array

Answer 19

9+2 array

Question 20

the protein building block of prokaryotic flagella is called?

Answer 20

flagellin

Question 21

how are eukaryotic flagella structurally different from prokaryotic flagella?

Answer 21

eukaryotic flagella are lager and more comples

Question 22

what powers eukaryotic flagella? prokaryotic?

Answer 22

ATP hydrolysis; proton gradient

Question 23

what type of motion do eukaryotic flagella produce as compared to prokaryotic flagella?

Answer 23

EU: bending
PRO: rotary

Question 24

the __ system supports eukaryotic flagellar movement

Answer 24

complex sliding filament