Chapter 2 - Organs

Question 1

What is digestion?

Answer 1

When large food molecules are physically and chemically broken down into smaller molecules which can be used for energy, growth and repair

Question 2

What is the order of digestion?

Answer 2

Mouth –> Oesophagus –> Stomach –> Small Intestine –> Large Intestine –> Rectum

Question 3

What happens in the mouth?

Answer 3

Physically broken down with teeth and tongue

Question 4

What happens in the oesophagus?

Answer 4

Squeezed down to the stomach

Question 5

What happens in the stomach?

Answer 5

Physically churned and chemically broken down by hydrochloric acid and enzymes

Question 6

What happens in the small intestine?

Answer 6

Absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 7

What happens in the large intestine?

Answer 7

Water is absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 8

What is starch broken down by? Into what?

Answer 8

Amylase into glucose

Question 9

What is protein broken down by? Into what?

Answer 9

Protease into amino acids

Question 10

What is fat broken down by? Into what?

Answer 10

Lipase into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 11

How is the small intestine adapted?

Answer 11

It has a very large surface area with villi for increased absorption

Question 12

What does xylem do?

Answer 12

Transports water (transpiration)

Question 13

What does phloem do?

Answer 13

Transports sugar (translocation)

Question 14

Properties of xylem?

Answer 14

1. Transports minerals
2. 1 directional transport
3. Dead/hollow cells

Question 15

Properties of phloem?

Answer 15

1. 2 directional transport
2. Living cells
3. Contains sieve plates

Question 16

What are the main plant organs?

Answer 16

Roots, stems, leaves and flowers