Chapter 2:Cellular Injury, Adaptation and Maladaptation changess

Question 1

atrophy

Answer 1

cells revert to smaller size

Question 2

Causes of atrophy

Answer 2

disuse, loss of hormonal stim, decreased blood flow(ischemia), lack of nerve stimulation, inadequate nutrition and aging

Question 3

Hypertrophy

Answer 3

increase in cell size, each cell becomes larger

Question 4

physiological hypertrophy

Answer 4

enlargement is adequately perfused and supplied with blood flow, oxygen and nutrients

Question 5

pathological hypertrophy

Answer 5

increase in size without increase in supportive structures

Question 6

hyperplasia

Answer 6

increase in number of cells, ex:pregnancy

Question 7

Metaplasia

Answer 7

replacement of one cell type by another cell type; result of genetic reprogramming

Question 8

Dysplasia

Answer 8

deranged cellular growth within a specific tissue

Question 9

Neoplasia

Answer 9

New growth and refers to disorganized, uncoordinated, uncontrolled proliferative cell growth that is cancerous

Question 10

Dysfunction of Na/K pump

Answer 10

unable to produce ATP, cellular swelling

Question 11

apoptosis

Answer 11

programmed cellular death without inflammation

Question 12

hypoxic cell injury

Answer 12

oxygen deprivation

Question 13

hypoxemia

Answer 13

low oxygen in the blood

Question 14

necrosis

Answer 14

cells die when stressor or insults overwhelm ability to survive. irreversible, autolysis occurs

Question 15

infarction

Answer 15

ischemic necrosis

Question 16

gangrene

Answer 16

dead tissue is a medium for diff types of bacteria groeth