Chapter 2 Flashcards
Atom
The smallest stable unit of all matter
Molecule
A group of atoms that form a unit with specific chemical properties.
Hydrophobic
Having a tendency to repel water.
Carbohydrate
A molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in which there are twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms.
Protein
A complex polypeptide that plays a role in the chemistry of an organism.
Replication
The process by which DNA is copied to produce two duplicate double helixes.
Transcription
The process by which DNA is used to produce messenger RNA.
Gene
A sequence of nucleotide bases on DNA
When two atoms share an electron, what kind of bond do they make?
They form a covalent bond.
What kind of molecule is formed when glycerol links to three fatty acids?
A triglyceride is formed when glycerol links to three fatty acids.
What lipid is hydrophilic on one end and hydrophobic on the other?
A phospholipid has a hydrophilic (water-attracting) phosphate head and hydrophobic (water-repelling) fatty acid tails.
What two atoms are linked by a peptide bond?
A peptide bond links the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the nitrogen atom in the amino group of another amino acid.
Understand how amino acids link together.
Amino acids link together by peptide bonds
When nucleotide bases in RNA are attracted to a single strand of DNA, this is part of what.
Transcription
When an mRNA molecule is created, this is part of?
Transcription
