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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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2
Q

Adip/o

A

fat

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3
Q

anter/o

A

front

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4
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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5
Q

caud/o

A

tail

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6
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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7
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

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8
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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9
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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10
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete

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11
Q

crur/o

A

leg

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12
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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13
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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14
Q

dist/o

A

away from

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15
Q

dors/o

A

back of body

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16
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

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17
Q

epitheli/o

A

epithelium

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18
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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19
Q

glute/o

A

buttock

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20
Q

gynec/o

A

woman

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21
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

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22
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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23
Q

immun/o

A

protection

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24
Q

infer/o

A

below

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25
Q

inguin/o

A

groin

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26
Q

later/o

A

side

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27
Q

lumb/o

A

loin

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28
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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29
Q

medi/o

A

middle

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30
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

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31
Q

pariet/o

A

cavity/wall

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32
Q

ped/o

A

foot

33
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

34
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

35
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

36
Q

poster/o

A

back

37
Q

proct/o

A

rectum/anus

38
Q

proxim/o

A

near to

39
Q

pub/o

A

genital region

40
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

41
Q

spin/o

A

spine

42
Q

super/o

A

chest

43
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

44
Q

ur/o

A

urine

45
Q

urin/o

A

urine

46
Q

vascul/o

A

blood vessel

47
Q

ventr/o

A

belly

48
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

49
Q

viscer/o

A

internal organ

50
Q

cells come together to form:

A

Tissues

51
Q

Tissues come together to form:

A

Organs

52
Q

Organs come together to form:

A

systems

53
Q

Systems come together to form:

A

whole body

54
Q

Common features of cells:

A

Fundamental unit of all living things; smallest structure of body that has all properties of being
alive:
- responds to stimuli
- engages in metabolic activities
- reproduces itself

55
Q

Histology:

A

Study of tissue

56
Q

Muscle Tissue:

A

produces movement through contraction or shortening lenght
- Has muscle fibers
- skeletal (on bone)
- Smooth (internal organs, intestine, uterus)
- Cardiac (in heart)

57
Q

Epithelial Tissue:

A

-AKA epithelium
- found throughout body. covering and lining of body stuctures
ex. lining of stomach, top layer of skin

58
Q

Connective Tissue:

A

-Supporting and protecting tissue
- Many functions, depends on location
- Bone: structural supp for all body
- Cartilage: shock absorber joints
tendons, adipose:padding

59
Q

Nervous Tissue:

A

composed of neurons
- Forms brain, spinal cord
- Electrical impulses, sends info brain and rest of body

60
Q

Organs

A

Composed of different types of tissue that work as a unit to perform special functions.
Ex. stomach has smooth muscle, nervous and epithelial tissue.

61
Q

Systems:

A

Composed of several organs working in coordinated manner to perform functions
Ex. digestive. From oral cavity to colon

62
Q

Integumentary:
(Dermatology)

A
  • Skin, nails, hair, sweat and sebaceous glands.
    Protective barrier that regulates temp
63
Q

Musculoskeletal
(Orthopedics)

A
  • joints. muscles
    -Protects body, muscle produce movement
64
Q

Cardiovascular
(Cardiology)

A
  • Heart, arteries, vein
  • pumps blood thru out body
65
Q

Hematic system
(Hematology)

A

-plasma, platelets, erythrocytes, leukocytes
- Transport oxygen

66
Q

Lymphatic
(Immunology)

A

Lymph nodes, vessels, Spleen, thymus
- protects body from disease

67
Q

Respiratory
( Pulmonology)

A

Nasal cavity, trachea, lungs, larynx
- obtains oxygen, removes CO2

68
Q

Gastrointestinal or Digestive
(Gastroenterology)

A

Oral cavity, pharynx, stomach, small intestine, colon
- Ingests, digests and absorbs nutrients

69
Q

Urinary
(nephrology)

A

kidney, pancreas, ureter bladder
- filters waste products from blood

70
Q

Female reproductive
(Gynecology)

A

Ovary, uterus, vagina, beasts
- Produces eggs, place for growing baby

71
Q

Male Reproductive
( urology)

A

Testes, penis, prostate
- produces sperm

72
Q

Endocrine
( Endocrinology)

A

Pituitary, pineal, thyroid glands.
- Regulate metabolic activities in body

73
Q

Nervous
(neurology)

A

Spinal cord, nerves, brain
- Receives sensory information and coordinates body’s response

74
Q

Special senses
(Ophthalmology)

A

eye
- vision

75
Q

Otorhinolaryngology

A

ear
- Hearing and balance

76
Q

Anatomical position

A

Describes positions in human body
- Standing erect with arms on the side of body, palms of hands facing forward

77
Q

Sagittal plane:
(median plane, right in middle)

A

Vertical plane.
- Runs lenghtwise, front to back
- Divides in left and right sides; don’t have to be equal

78
Q

Frontal plane:
(coronal plane)

A

Vertical plane.
- runs lengthwise side to side.
- cuts body in front and back portions

79
Q

Transverse plane:
(horizontal plane)

A

Horizontal
- cuts body in upper and lower
- view inside of body

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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