Chapter 18 Vocabulary

Question 1

Communicable Disease

Answer 1

A disease that can be passed to a person from another person, animal, or object

Question 2

Pathogens

Answer 2

Disease-causing organisms that are so small they can only be seen through a microscope.

Question 3

Infection

Answer 3

A condition that occurs when pathogens enter the body, multiply, and cause harm

Question 4

Viruses

Answer 4

The smallest pathogens

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

Tiny one-celled organisms

Question 6

Fungi

Answer 6

Organisms that are more complex than bacteria but cannot make their own food

Question 7

Protozoa

Answer 7

One-celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria

Question 8

Vector

Answer 8

An organism that transmits pathogens such as insects

Question 9

Hygiene

Answer 9

Cleanliness

Question 10

Immune System

Answer 10

A combination of body defenses made up of the cells, tissues, and organs that fight off pathogens and disease

Question 11

Immunity

Answer 11

Your body’s ability to resist the germs that cause a particular disease

Question 12

Inflammation

Answer 12

The body’s response to injury or disease, resulting in a condition of swelling, pain, heat, and redness

Question 13

Lymphatic System

Answer 13

A secondary circulatory system that helps the body fight pathogens

Question 14

Disease

Answer 14

Any condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body or mind

Question 15

Lymphocytes

Answer 15

The white blood cells in the lymphatic system

Question 16

Antigen

Answer 16

Any substance released by invading pathogens

Question 17

Antibodies

Answer 17

Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body

Question 18

Vaccine

Answer 18

A preparation of dead or weakened pathogens that causes the immune system to produce antibodies

Question 19

Contagious Period

Answer 19

The length of time that a particular disease can be spread from person to person

Question 20

Mononucleosis

Answer 20

A viral disease characterized by a sore throat and swelling of the lymph glands in the neck and around the throat area

Question 21

Hepatitis

Answer 21

A viral disease of the liver characterized by yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes

Question 22

Tuberculosis

Answer 22

A bacterial disease that usually affects the lungs

Question 23

Pneumonia

Answer 23

A serious inflammation of the lungs

Question 24

Strep Throat

Answer 24

A sore throat caused by streptococcal bacteria

Question 25

Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD)

Answer 25

Infections that are spread from person to person through sexual contact

Question 26

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

Answer 26

The virus that causes AIDS

Question 27

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)

Answer 27

A deadly disease that interferes with the body’s natural ability to fight infection

Question 28

Opportunistic Infection

Answer 28

An infection that rarely occurs in a healthy person

Question 29

Carrier

Answer 29

A person who appears healthy but is infected with HIV and can pass it to others