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HTHS 2240 Pharmacology > Chapter 18 Drugs to Know > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Drugs to Know Flashcards

1
Q

ethyl alcohol (liquor)

A

the most widely used anxiolytic, the “social lubricant” for the world; antianxiety drug

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2
Q

opioid

A

historical use (opium dens), the tincture of opium called laudanum; antianxiety drug

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3
Q

Veronal (barbital)

A

phenobarbital for seizures; barbiturates - historical use, named after the most “beautiful/peacful city in the world”; antianxiety drug

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4
Q

Miltown (meprobamate)

A

carbamate drug; the first blockbuster psychotic drug in U.S. history, it was the best selling anxiolytic for a time

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5
Q

anxiolytics

A

antianxiety drugs

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6
Q

Quaalude (methaqualone)

A

the “ludes”, brief fling in the 1960s - 70s; “luding out” came to an end when it became a schedule I drug in 1984; antianxiety drug

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7
Q

diazepam (Valium)

A

the prototype - but not made int he hockey puck size; benzodiazepine - still a widely used group of drugs; antianxiety drug

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8
Q

Xanax (alprazolam)

A

more commonly prescribed nowadays; benzodiazepine - still a widely used group of drugs; antianxiety drug; sedative hypnotic - used to treat social phobias, OCD, addictive compulsions, & PTSD

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9
Q

Versed (midazolam)

A

usually administered I.V.; benzodiazepine - still a widely used group of drugs; antianxiety drug

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10
Q

antihistamine

A

some first generation antiH1 drugs have good anxiolytic properties; antianxiety drug

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11
Q

hydroxyzine

A

Vistaril, Atarax - antianxiety drug (anxiolytic)

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12
Q

herbal antianxiety remedies

A

valerian root, kava kava, camomile tea, St. Johns Wort. AND medical marijuana (pot)

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13
Q

Dilantin (phenytoin)

A

hydantoin drug; antiseizure drug

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14
Q

antiseizure drugs

A

used for treating Epilepsy and other types of seizure disorders

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15
Q

Tegretol (carbamazepine)

A

sodium channel stabilizer drug; antiseizure drug

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16
Q

phenobarbital

A

barbituate; used as a back up oral drug to Dilantil and Tegretol; antiseizure drug

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17
Q

Pentothal (thiopental)

A

barbituate; an I.V. drug that will stop an acute seizure; antiseizure drug

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18
Q

Versed (midazolam)

A

benzodiazepine; better than Valium in this situation because it can be given I.M. as well as I.V., plus down an endotracheal tube if need be; used for emergency I.V. control of seizures; antiseizure drug

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19
Q

amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

TCA; prototype of this group of older drugs; not used much for depression, but still used for pain management; antidepressants for “regular depression” (unipolar)

20
Q

TCAs

A

for our purposes, includes the tricyclic and tetracyclic drugs

21
Q

MAOI antidepressants

A

used in many different conditions - depression, pain, anxiety, psychosis; antidepressant for “regular (unipolar) depression”

22
Q

Prozac (fluoxetine)

A

the first SSRI antidepressant; for regular (unipolar) depression & bipolar (manic) depression

23
Q

Paxil (paroxetine)

A

SSRI antidepressant for regular (unipolar) depression & bipolar (manic) depression

24
Q

Zoloft (sertraline)

A

SSRI antidepressant for regular (unipolar) depression & bipolar (manic) depression

25
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine)

A

SNRI antidepressant; still heavily advertised on TV; used for regular (unipolar) depression

26
Q

Lithobid

A

lithium; long acting formulation; one of the first drugs with efficacy for this disease and is still used quite commonly today; used to treat bipolar depression (manic)

27
Q

manic depression

A

bipolar depression

28
Q

Abilify (aripiprazole)

A

atypical antipsychotic for bipolar depression

29
Q

Risperdal (risperidone)

A

atypical antipsychotic for bipolar depression; used with fairly good success in treating bipolar disease.

30
Q

Prozac, Paxil, & Zoloft (SSRI’s)

A

antidepressants, the most widely used drugs for treating these maladies - drugs to treat social phobias, OCD, addictive compulsions, & PTSD

31
Q

Cymbalta (SNRI’s)

A

antidepressants, the most widely used drugs for treating these maladies - drugs to treat social phobias, OCD, addictive compulsions & PTSD

32
Q

Inderal

A

beta-blocker used to treat social phobias, OCD, addictive compulsions, & PTSD

33
Q

Haldol (haloperidol)

A

typical antipsychotic used in 1970-1990s

34
Q

chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

A

the prototype in this group, first used in 1950s; typical antipsychotic

35
Q

risperidone (Risperdal)

A

one of the newer drugs; the most commonly used antipsychotic in the US today; atypical antipsychotic

36
Q

atypical antipsychotic

A

“atypical” because they do not cause some of the same extrapyramidal side effects as the Thorazine-like drugs

37
Q

secobarbital (Seconal)

A

insomnia; not used much anymore as sleep aids; barbituate - historical use

38
Q

triazolam (Halcion)

A

has a very short T1/2, but it’s not used much anymore because the nonbenzodiazepines and new melatonin receptor agonist drugs are currently in favor; insomnia; benzodiazepine - usually the short acting ones

39
Q

Ambien (zolpidem)

A

insomnia; nonbenzodiazepine

40
Q

Lunesta (eszopiclone)

A

insomnia; nonbenzodiazepine

41
Q

Rozerem (ramelteon)

A

insomnia; melatonin rc agonists; the “latest-greatest” drug for insomnia which they claim is non habit forming

42
Q

OTC insomnia drug

A

these are mostly combinations of first generation antihistamines (which cross the blood brain barrier and cause sedation), sometimes mixed with other drugs like melatonin, or alcohol

43
Q

NyQuil

A

OTC drug which causes sedation

44
Q

melatonin

A

herbal remedy - the body’s own natural hormone to treat insomnia

45
Q

Herbal remedies for insomnia

A

Valerian root, Chamomile tea, lemon balm, & many others

46
Q

Ritalin (methylphenidate)

A

schedule II drug that have high abuse potential; speed up the mind in most people but slow down the brain in people with ADHD; stimulant

47
Q

mixed amphetamine salts (Adderall)

A

schedule II drug that has high abuse potential - speeds up brains up most people but slows down the brain in people with ADHD; stimulant

HTHS 2240 Pharmacology (6 decks)

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