Chapter 18

Question 1

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans provide which of the following beverage intake recommendations?

Answer 1

Shift to healthier choices by limiting beverages with added sugar.

Question 2

The amount of energy (i.e., number of calories) an individual uses at rest in order to sustain basic processes in the body is known as the which of the following?

Answer 2

Resting metabolic rate

Question 3

Which body-composition assessment method uses high-frequency sound waves emitted by a probe to visualize different parts of the body?

Answer 3

Ultrasound

Question 4

What is the recommended frequency for performing body composition assessments?

Answer 4

Every 1 – 2 months

Question 5

The recommended average daily intake level when an RDA value cannot be determined is known as which of the following?

Answer 5

Adequate Intake (AI)

Question 6

Of the options provided, which body composition assessment method has the highest accuracy?

Answer 6

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

Question 7

Which body-composition assessment method involves the estimation of the 3-dimensional volume of the body through measurement of an individual’s displacement of air while they sit in a sealed chamber?

Answer 7

Air displacement plethysmography

Question 8

Which of the following is considered a true “gold standard” method of body composition assessment?

Answer 8

A 4-compartment model

Question 9

Which body composition assessment method measures whole-body and regional (arms, legs, and trunk) body composition using low-energy x-rays?

Answer 9

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

Question 10

A food can be described as nutrient-dense if it has which characteristic?

Answer 10

It provides a large amount of vitamins and minerals per calorie.

Question 11

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend emphasizing the consumption of certain food groups in the general population. What is one of these food groups?

Answer 11

Whole grains

Question 12

Based on the national food survey called What We Eat in America, about 75% of the United States population has an eating pattern that is low in which of the following?

Answer 12

Fruit

Question 13

Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) describes the average daily nutrient intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group?

Answer 13

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Question 14

Body Mass Index (BMI) does which of the following in order to provide information about the body?

Answer 14

Report body mass while also taking height into account.

Question 15

The average daily intake of a nutrient sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all (97 to 98 percent) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group is known as which of the following?

Answer 15

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Question 16

Which document serves as a resource for health professionals and describes healthy diets that may help prevent diet-related chronic diseases?

Answer 16

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

Question 17

The average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group is known as which of the following?

Answer 17

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

Question 18

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fats?

Answer 18

20 to 35%

Question 19

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates?

Answer 19

45 to 65%

Question 20

When assessing body composition, a 2-compartment model divides the body into which two categories?

Answer 20

Fat mass and fat-free mass

Question 21

The highest average daily nutrient intake level that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population is known as which of the following?

Answer 21

Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)

Question 22

Which of the following best describes a characteristic of a 24-hour recall?

Answer 22

It begins by making a quick list of foods and beverages consumed by the client.

Question 23

Which body-composition assessment method relies on the thickness of the fat layer under the skin to estimate body composition?

Answer 23

Skinfolds

Question 24

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for protein?

Answer 24

10 to 35%

Question 25

Which body-composition assessment determines how easily electrical currents travel through the fluids of the body?

Answer 25

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

Question 26

Which of the following is true in regards to the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein?

Answer 26

It is sometimes criticized for being too low.

Question 27

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting the consumption of certain food groups in the general population. Which of the following is one of groups that should be limited?

Answer 27

Trans fats

Question 28

Of the following methods, which estimate body-composition based on the 3-dimensional volume of the body?

Answer 28

Air displacement plethysmography and underwater weighing

Question 29

Of the following methods, which estimate body-composition based on how easily small electrical currents travel through the body?

Answer 29

Bioelectrical impedance analysis and bioimpedance spectroscopy