Chapter 17 MFM Flashcards
Who went to the Yalta Conference?
US–FDR
Britain–Churchill
Soviets–Stalin
What did they do at the Yalta?
- Divide Germany and Berlin into 4 zones of occupations
- Hold Free elections
- Soviets want Reparations from Germans
What was the United Nations originally made up of?
48 countries
what is it made up of now?
A security counsel, 11 seats, 5 are permanent
What were the 4 zones of occupation at the Yalta?
Germany, US, France, and britain
Which countries were permanent at the Un
Us, Britain, France, Soviet and China
Who was at the United Nations at Potsdam
US–Truman
Brit–Churchill
Soviet–Stalin
What happened at Potsdam with truman and stalin>
Truman wasnt known because he was new and he calls Stalin out on not holding election
Iron Curtain
Symbolic division between communist and non communist countries
Who were Satellite nations
Poland, Germany, Czech, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Albania
Buffer zone
land between curtain and soviet union
Truman Doctrine
gave his speech on containment
Marshall Plan
12.5 billion dollars in aid which was used to help containment
what happened with the berlin airlift?
Now it is divided into two zones and one is the US
Does not like that there is one little bubble of freedom, and stalin wants to cut the one road off to make them turn communism
What did we do to help during the berlin airlift?
Dropped food and supplies into Berlin for 11 months
How did the Berlin airlift end?
We had bomb carriers in England but we bluffed because we didn’t actually have any bombs
Why did Stalin make the berlin wall??
To cut off the brain dran which was how people were getting free
War of Words; War of political ideologies; no real combat
Cold War
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Warsaw Pact
All of Soviets Satellite Nations
Brinkmanship
brink of war
willingness of a country to go all the way up to the brink of war and wait for the other man to start it
ICBM
international ballistic Missal
Who launched the first thing into space
Soviets; Sputnik
What was our special plane and what does it do?
U2 and it flew above the radar, so we put cameras in the belly and took pictures
Who was the pilot of our spy plane?
Powers
Who led the communists
Zedong
Who led the nationalists?
Jieshi (People’s Republic of China) in Taiwan
Which governments did we choose?
US–People’s Republic of China
Stalin picked communists
- land reforms
- follows soviet union
- plans great leap forward
Zedong
Great Leap Forward
Zedong makes big farms called communes and makes people work on them. fails
What did Zedong want?
he wanted them to go back to strict communist ways
what did Zedong form and what was it made of?
Made Red Guard–those who enforced communist ways
very violent
What did Zedong do about his red guard
decided it was too violent and so he cuts it off and steps down
38th Parallel
Line between North Korea and South Korea
Why did MacArthur get fired?
He wanted a quick end to South Korea vs. North Korea so he asked Truman for a bomb and he said no so he goes and asks congress and truman go tmad so he was fired
How did the North vs. South end?
Signed an armistance saying we have no peace but we wont fight anymore
What did Minh start?
Independence movement called Vietminh League
What was the goal of the Vietminh league?
Get french out
What happened when the French felt threatened?
Ordered Ho Chi to be arrested so he flees Vietnam
Domino Theory
17th Parallel
If one country is taken over by communists, the other countries will be too
What was decided at the conference to discuss Vietnam?
Vietnam will be divided into 17th Parallel
Ho gets north
US picks gov for South
Who did the US pick to lead the South of Vietnam?
Diem, who is an awful leader and life is getting worse. Minh is a great leader, but unfortunately communist
What rebel group starts in South Vietnam
Vietcong, because they want Minh in charge
What happens since South Vietnam want Ho in charge?
North and South Vietnam go to war, and the US is helping in the South’s side
When did US troops get to go fight?
When Johnson lied about the North firing on us
Who wanted to win?
Well the South wanted to lose so Minh would be their ruler
Poor Mans War
North vs. South still
drafted ment that couldnt afford a university
Congress protecting the upper class
What did Nixon come up with?
Vietnamization
promise to pull out our own guys so that South Vietnam will be fighting for themselves, but when we pulled out HO Chi took over
What happened to Cambodia?
Mean communists took over, and Minh saw that and saw how bad they were and so he helped Cambodia even though Minh is a communist too. Minh takes over Cambodia
1st World Country
US and Allies
2nd World Country
Soviet and their allies
3rd World Country
Developing countries that we are both trying to gain
Not aligned countries
neutral and dont want anything to do with us
Castro
took over Cuba
FDR didn’t like him because he was a strict communist
What did FDR do to Castro?
trained a team and sent them to take over.
Bay of Pigs
Failed
Why did the Cuban Missal Crisis happen?
Soviets had weapons and we said they couldnt hve them
What did we do about them ignoring our demand for the missals out of Cuba?
Put a quarantine around Cuba to not let any more missals go in
We were gearing up for war and 4 hours before hand we made a deal…
if they put down their missals, we will never invade them
3 Iran leaders
Pahlavi
Mossadeq
Khomeini
Pahlavi
we liked him, he had western ideas so we made sure he stayed in power, but the Irans didnt like him BECAUSE he had western ideas
Mossadeq
- hated Pahlavi
- took control of Brit’s oil company which scared Pahlavi so they fleed Iran
What happened when Pahlavi ran away?
The US went and got him back and that pissed off the Iran’s because they had finally gotten rid of him
Khomeini
leader of faith
in exile but he’s still a leader with encouraging words and watned pahlavi overthrown
What pissed off the Irans between Pahlavi and the US?
Pahlavi was sick so he went for secret treatments in the US, and the Iran found out and wanted him to go home to be put on trial
What did Iran do because of the Pahlavi sick thing?
Held hostages in the US embassy in Iran and Carter was president
When did they release the hostages and why?
They released them when Reagan was inaugurated because they blamed it on carter
Iran vs. Iraq
Soviets helped IRan
we helped both
Why did we help both?
Because we wanted neither to win and we wanted the balance of power to stay the same
Who did United Nations recognize as the winner?
neither
What was the name of the 2nd rebel group?
Mujahideen
Who is the new soviet ruler after Stalin and what did he do?
Khrufchev
destalinization
New leader of Hungary and what did he do?
Nagy, wanted to pull away from the Soviet Union
What was the problem with Nagy wanting to pull away?
Khrufchev wouldnt have it, so he sent troops to Hungary to force them not to pull away, and publicly killed their leader (Nagy) on the spot
Who came after Nagy? (Hungary0
Brezhnev–hardcore communist
New Czech Leader
Duvcek
What did Duvcek do?
Loosened up laws and made a happy movement–Prague Movement
Prague Movement
Growth of Good and new ideas
What did Brezhnev do about it>
Destroyed all of ti
Brezhnev Doctrine
He has the right to force Satellite nations to be communist
Why did Mao Zedong stop following the Soviet Union?
The Soviets were trying to share nuclear secrets with them and they didn’t feel comfortable with that
Were the soviets concerned about fighting China?
Yes even though they were both communist
What did Nixon make?
SALT
Salt?
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
What did SALT do?
Banned arms, we agreed to limit arms, and this is a big deal because we are finally friends with soviets
International Peace Treaty
Helsinki Accords
What happened during the International Peace Treaty?
Reagan came in and makes SDI
SDI
Strategic Defense Initiative
Strategic Defense Initiative
Missil defense system–future–wants to put a satellite that will shoot down a missil coming toward us from space
