Chapter 17 Flashcards
What was the “infernal machine”
Assassination attempt on Napoleon on the 24th December 1800
Significance of the “infernal machine”
indicates that Napoleon was not universally accepted
What was Napoleon’s first step to consolidate his power
Plebiscite of 1800
What was the voter turnout at the first plebiscite and why is this important?
roughly 25%, got rigged in Napoleon’s favour by Lucien afterwards
suggests that there was no immediate rush of enthusiasm
Early similarities between the Ancien Regime and Napoleon
moved into Tuilleries Place had coins with his effigy minted on appointed ministers (Cambaceres - Minister of Justice, Fouche - Minister of the Police) established Prefects - central control
Early continuity after the Coup of Brumaire
no further attempt to raise his status
-little dislocation in terms of personnel
Jacobinism under Napoleon
not tolerated
(failed dagger conspiracy Oct 1800)
Royalists under Napoleon
dealt firmly with outbreaks
military tribunals
(In Brittany 750 Chouan prisoners were shot)
Fate of the duc d’Enghien and impact
By 1804 Napoleon’s patience had run out after various assassination attempts, the duc was kidnapped and shot
Ended royalists uprisings
Liberal disturbances
Madam de Stael, Benjamin Constant
critical of “dictatorship” and wanted guaranteed rights
irritated Napoleon so much that in 1803 they were banished
Napoleons policy’s to sustain his status
Repression - jacobins, royalists, liberals,
Reconciliation - rebels, emigres, priests
Reassure purchasers of the biens nationaux - gave them more power and promised the security of their assets
Prospect of peace Success at Marengo and Piece of Amiens
How did Napoleon reconcile France?
Rebels - offering amnesties, protect Catholic religion
Emigres and refectory priests - offered posts and rewards
amalgame
ending the social divisions of the ancien regime and reconciling the old nobility with the new ruling elite
ralliement
rallying everybody around the regime
Battle of Marengo
1800, French victory, success against Austria
