chapter 16 morphology boxes

Question 1

acute stage, lungs are heavy, firm, red an boggy

• congestion, interstitial and intra alveolar edema, fibrin deposition, DIFFUSE alveolar damage
• alveolar walls become lined with waxy HYALINE memrbanes

Answer 1

ALI/ARDS

Question 2

fatal cases of ALI from what

Answer 2

superimposed bronchopneumonia

Question 3

does cor pulmonale occur more often in predominant bronchitiis or emphysema

Answer 3

bronchitis

Question 4

chest radiograph for predominant bronchitis

Answer 4

prominent vessels, large heart

Question 5

chest radiograph predominant emphysema

Answer 5

hyperinflation, small heart

Question 6

microscopically abnormally large alveoli separated by thin septa with only focal centriacinar fibrosis

Answer 6

emphysema

Question 7

in the most severe cases of chronic bronchitis there may be marked narrowing of bronchioles from mucus plugging, inflammation and fibrosis leading to what in worst cases

Answer 7

obliteration of lumen due to fibrosis

-bronchiolitis obliterans

Question 8

curschmann spirals from extrusion of mucus plugs from subepithelial mucous gland ducts or bronchioles

-many eosinophils and charcot leyden crystals

Answer 8

asthma

Question 9

airway remodeling in asthma

Answer 9

thickening of airway wall
subbasement membrane fibrosis (collagen deposition)
increased vascularity
increase in submucosal gland number and size
hypertophy or hyperplasia of bronchial wall muscle

Question 10

airways are dilated sometimes up to 4X normal size
lower lobes affected bilaterally
-especially vertical air passages
-more severe in more distal bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 10

bronchiectasis

Question 11

bacteria found in usual case of bronchiectasis

Answer 11

HISSP

H influenzae, staph, strep, pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 12

cobblestoned pleural surfaces

firm rubbery white areas of fibrosis in subpleural regions and interlobular septa

Answer 12

IPF

Question 13

microscopically patchy interstitial fibrosis which varies in intesnity and age

• early and late lesions present
• earliest lesion contain exuberant fibroblastic proliferation (fibroblastic foci)

Answer 13

IPF

Question 14

honeycomb fibrosis

Answer 14

IPF

Question 15

cellular pattern histology of NIP

Answer 15

mild to moderate chronic interstitial inflammation containing lymphocytes and few plasma cells in uniform or patchy distribution

Question 16

fibrosing pattern NIP

Answer 16

diffuse or patchy intersitial fibrotic lesions roughlhy same stcoal age of development

Question 17

coal workers pneumoconiosis sometimes can give rise to what

Answer 17

centrilobular emphysema