Chapter 16 - Endocrine System - Adrenal Gland Hormones

Question 1

Aldosterone
(Mineralcorticoids)
Zona Glomerulosa - Adrenal Cortex

Answer 1

1. Stimulated by elevated K+ ion concentration, ACTH, elevated H+ ion concentration
2. Aldosterone will increase sodium ion retention directly and water retention indirectly, increases potassium ion loss in the urine, increase hydrogen ion loss in the urine, and regulates BP
3. Aldosterone is inhibited by increase levels of aldosterone, decreased K+ ion concentration, decrease H+ ion concentration and increase BP

Question 2

Cortisol
(Glucocorticoids)
Zona Fasciculata - Adrenal Cortex

Answer 2

1. Stimulated by ACTH
2. Causes an increase in gluconeogenesis in the liver, increases protein breakdown in muscle, increase lipolysis in adipose tissue, and inhibits inflammatory response
3. Cortisol is inhibited by an increase in cortisol levels

Question 3

Cateocholamines
(Epinephrine and Norepinepherine)
Adrenal Medulla

Answer 3

1. Stimulated by ACTH
2. Increase rate and force of heart contractions, dilates bronchioles, constricts blood vessels to the digestive and urinary organs and the skin, and increase the metabolic rate, and dilates the pupil
3. Inhibited by a lack of sympathetic nervous system stimulation