chapter 16

Question 1

Erikson’s stage for middle adulthood

Answer 1

generativity versus stagnation

-generativity: desire to leave legacies to the next generation

Question 2

contemporary life-events approach

Answer 2

emphasizes that how a life event influences the individual’s development depends not only on the life event, but also on mediating factors, the individual’s adaptation to the life event, the life-stage context, and the sociohistorical contex

Question 3

fight-or-flight

Answer 3

the view that when men experiences stress, they are more likely to engage in a fight-or-flight pattern, as reflected in being aggressive, withdrawing from social contact, or drinking alcohol

Question 4

tend-and-befriend

Answer 4

the view that when women experience stress, they are more likely to engage in a tend-and-befriend pattern, seeking social alliances with others, especially female friends

Question 5

social clock

Answer 5

the timetable according to which individuals are expected to accomplish life’s tasks, such as getting married, having children, or establishing themselves in a career

Question 6

big five factors of personality

Answer 6

• emotional stability (neuroticism)
• extraversion
• openness to experience
• agreeableness
• conscientiousness

Question 7

cumulative personality model of personality development

Answer 7

with time and age, people become more adept at interacting with their environment in ways that promote increased stability of personality

Question 8

empty nest syndrome

Answer 8

a decrease in marital satisfaction that occurs after children leave home, because parents derive considerable satisfaction from their children