Chapter 15, Respiratory Emergencies - Online Quiz Flashcards
“PASTE” is an alternate assessment tool for ___________.
Select one: A. cardiac patients B. respiratory patients C. stroke patients D. seizure patients
B. respiratory patients
A 30-year-old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all the lung fields. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to giving him high-flow oxygen, the MOST important treatment for this patient is:
Select one: A. a beta-antagonist. B. epinephrine. C. albuterol. D. an antihistamine.
B. epinephrine.
A 59-year-old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. Your assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient’s condition?
Select one: A. Rupture of the diaphragm B. Spontaneous pneumothorax C. Exacerbation of his COPD D. Acute pulmonary embolism
B. Spontaneous pneumothorax
A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as:
Select one: A. a bacterial infection of the lung tissue. B. diffuse collapsing of the alveoli. C. fluid accumulation outside the lung. D. a unilaterally collapsed lung.
C. fluid accumulation outside the lung.
Asthma is caused by a response of the:
Select one: A. endocrine system. B. respiratory system. C. immune system. D. cardiovascular system.
C. immune system.
Crackles (rales) are caused by _________.
Select one: A. narrowing of the upper airways B. air passing through fluid C. mucus in the larger airways D. severe bronchoconstriction
B. air passing through fluid
His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle. Based on this information, your patient is most likely suffering from:
Select one: A. bronchiolitis. B. epiglottitis. C. pertussis. D. croup.
A. bronchiolitis.
In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
Select one:
A. the percentage of inhaled carbon dioxide must exceed the percentage of inhaled oxygen.
B. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar–capillary membrane.
C. there must be low quantities of pulmonary surfactant to allow for full alveolar expansion.
D. the pulmonary capillaries must be completely constricted and the alveoli must be collapsed.
B. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar–capillary membrane.
In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?
Select one: A. Capillaries B. Bronchi C. Trachea D. Alveoli
D. Alveoli
Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations?
Select one:
A. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg
B. Conscious and alert patient with an oxygen saturation of 85%
C. Pulmonary edema, history of hypertension, and anxiety
D. Difficulty breathing, two-word dyspnea, and tachycardia
A. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mm Hg
When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:
Select one: A. diminished breath sounds. B. abnormal breath sounds. C. an absence of breath sounds. D. normal breath sounds.
B. abnormal breath sounds.
Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?
Select one: A. Pleural effusion B. Narcotic overdose C. Pulmonary edema D. Severe anxiety
D. Severe anxiety
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that predisposes the patient to repeated lung infections?
Select one: A. Cystic fibrosis B. Celiac sprue C. Severe acute respiratory syndrome D. Multiple sclerosis
A. Cystic fibrosis
Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing?
Select one:
A. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
B. 22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis
C. 20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor
D. 30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin
A. 24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
Which of the following must be assessed in every respiratory patient?
Select one: A. Distal pulse, motor, sensation B. Lung sounds C. Blood glucose levels D. Orthostatic vital signs
B. Lung sounds