Chapter 15

Question 1

Ergogenic aid

Answer 1

Something that aids (enhances) athletic performance

Question 2

Acute ergogenic aids

Answer 2

Have immediate effect on mental and physiological functions (caffeine)

Question 3

Chronic ergogenic aids

Answer 3

Enhance strength and muscle mass adaptations when consumed over a period of weeks in conjunction with training (creatine)

Question 4

Ergolytic substance

Answer 4

A substance shown to be detrimental to exercise performance

Question 5

Female athlete triad

Answer 5

Syndrome identified by the combo of eating disorders, amenorrhea, and decreased bone mineral density

Question 6

Creatine

Answer 6

Naturally synthesized in the body from amino acids methionine, glycine, and arginine

Question 7

Beta-alanine

Answer 7

Non proteinogenic amino acid; increases acid buffering capacity to stave off muscle soreness

Question 8

Nitric oxide boosters

Answer 8

Substances that increase nitric oxide concentration in the blood

Question 9

Prohormones

Answer 9

Substances that promote increased anabolic hormone concentrations in the body

Question 10

Anti-catabolic subtsances

Answer 10

Substances that promote muscle synthesis and prevent muscle breakdown (amino acids and proteins)

Question 11

Blood doping

Answer 11

Increases VO2max and enhances endurance; involves removing blood, centrifuging it to concentrate red blood cells, then injecting it back into the athlete, thus increasing red cell concentration and enancing oxygen carrying capacity