Chapter 13 Section 4 Flashcards
Sect
A subgroup of a major religious group.
The Reformation
Throughout Europe, Catholic monarchs and the Catholic Church fought back against the Protestant challenge by taking steps to reform the Church and to restore its spiritual leadership of the Christian world.
Henry VIII
At first, he stood firmly against the Protestant revolt, but an issue arose that caused him to turn against the Church. He needed a male heir so he wanted a divorce to marry another woman in hope she would bear him a son. When pope refused, he was furious. He had the Parliament pass a series of laws and eventually the Act of Supremacy in 1534, which made him “the only supreme head on Earth of the Church of England.”
Mary Tudor
The only surviving child of Henry and his Spanish wife, Catherine of Aragon.
Thomas Cranmer
Appointed by Henry as archbishop of the new church under his control. He annulled the king’s marriage.
Elizabeth
Henry married Anne Boleyn in 1533 and who gave birth to a daughter. Soon this daughter became a rallying symbol for Protestants and a target for Catholics. She became queen of England at age 25 and she she used her talents to unify England.
Canonize
To recognize a person as a saint.
Elizabethan Compromise
Charters used to make a middle ground between the Catholics and the Protestant doctrines (church beliefs).
Council of Trent
A group of Catholic leaders that met between 1545 and 1563 to respond to Protestant challenges and direct the future of the Catholic Church.
Ignatius of Loyola
A Spanish knight raised in the crusading tradition. He founded the Society of Jesus, or Jesuits.
Teresa of Avilla
Symbolized the renewed feelings of intense faith in many Catholics as the Catholic Reformations spread.
Ghetto
A separate section of a city where members of a minority group are forced to live.
Anabaptist
They were thought to be witches and they were persecuted by both Catholics and Protestants.
Book of Common Prayer
A book restored by Elizabeth regarding the prayers of the Anglican Church.
