Chapter 12-Endocrine System

Question 0

These glands secrete substances through ducts.

Answer 0

Exocrine Glands

Question 1

These glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 1

Endocrine Glands

Question 2

These hormones bind to receptors located within cells.

Answer 2

Steroids and Thyroid hormones

Question 3

Hormones not steroid or thyroid bind to receptors where?

Answer 3

On the surface of cells

Question 4

This is the most prevalent type of feedback, when a hormone is exerted to its desired effect, then inhibits further production until it is needed.

Answer 4

Negative Feedback

Question 5

This is when the desired effect increases production of the hormone.

Answer 5

Positive Feedback

Question 6

This is also called they hypophysis and master gland, located in the sella turcica of the brain

Answer 6

Pituitary Gland

Question 7

This is the basal portion of the diencephalon and regulates the function of the pituitary gland

Answer 7

Hypothalamus

Question 8

The hypothalamohypophyseal portal system is also called?

Answer 8

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

Question 9

This portion of the pituitary gland is directly connected and continuous to the brain, and hormones produced are called neurohormones.

Answer 9

Posterior Pituitary Lobe (Gland)

Question 10

Oxytocin and ADH are secreted by this portion of the pituitary gland

Answer 10

Posterior Pituitary Gland

Question 11

This hormone stimulates growth in most tissues, and increases protein synthesis and use of fats for energy.

Answer 11

Growth Hormone (GH)

Question 12

This hormone controls the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.

Answer 12

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Question 13

Increased TSH results in what affect on the body?

Answer 13

Decreased thyroid level called Hypothyroidism

Question 14

Decreased TSH production results in what affect on the body?

Answer 14

Increased thyroid level called Hyperthyroidism, causing tachycardia, weight loss

Question 15

These proteins have the same effects as opiate drugs such as morphine and are derived from proopiomelanocortin

Answer 15

Beta-endorphins

Question 16

This is a large gland situated at the base of the neck that consists of 2 lobes

Answer 16

Thyroid gland

Question 17

These are embedded in the posterior portion of each lobe of the thyroid, usually 2 pairs (4 in total)

Answer 17

Parathyroid glands

Question 18

Tetany, which are painful muscle spasms, occur from what disease associated with hyperparathyroidism.

Answer 18

Hypocalcemia

Question 19

Insulin and Glucagon are produced in specialized group of cells known as?

Answer 19

Islets of Langerhans

Question 20

Alpha cells within the islets secrete what hormone.

Answer 20

Glucagon

Question 21

Beta cells within the islets secrete what hormone?

Answer 21

Insulin

Question 22

These are long polymers of glucose that are stored in the liver until needed.

Answer 22

Glycogen

Question 23

The most important mineralocorticoid is?

Answer 23

Aldosterone

Question 24

Corticoids inhibit what?

Answer 24

Inflammation

Question 25

androgens are also known as?

Answer 25

Sex hormones

Question 26

3 major female hormones?

Answer 26

Estrogen, Progesterone and hCG