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Fire service > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Heeling and tying in are two methods of:

Select one:

a. securing a firefighter to a ladder while performing work.
b. supporting an unconscious victim while lowering down a ladder.
c. preventing movement of the ladder away from the building.
d. securing the fly section in an extended position.

A

c.preventing movement of the ladder away from the building.

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2
Q

When performing a two-firefighter low-shoulder carry, where should the forward firefighter’s free hand be placed?

Select one:

a. Grasping the lower beam
b. Grasping the nearest rung at chest level
c. Extended to the side away from the ladder
d. Over the upper butt spur

A

d.Over the upper butt spur

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3
Q

How should the fly section be positioned in relation to the structure on an extension ladder?

Select one:

a. The Incident Commander on the scene will determine the fly position.
b. Wooden ladders with rungs mounted in the top truss rail are intended to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.
c. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.
d. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly in, toward the structure.

A

c.Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.

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4
Q

When three firefighters carry a ladder, how should they be positioned?

Select one:

a. One firefighter at each end on one side of the ladder, the third on the other side in the middle
b. Three firefighters equally spaced on the same side of the ladder
c. One firefighter on each side at the front of the ladder, the third at the center behind the ladder
d. One firefighter on each side behind the ladder, the third at the center at the front of the ladder

A

a.One firefighter at each end on one side of the ladder, the third on the other side in the middle

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5
Q

Ground ladders should be service tested before being placed in service, ___ while in service, and after use that exposes the ladder to high heat or rough treatment.

Select one:

a. once each week
b. after cleaning
c. according to the manufacturer’s schedule
d. once each year

A

d.once each year

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6
Q

Which of the following BEST describes an advantage of trussed ladder design?

Select one:

a. Maximizes strength while reducing weight
b. Allows ladders to be more easily carried through narrow passages
c. Prevents fly section of extension ladders from being extended too far
d. Reduces painting and cleaning time

A

a.Maximizes strength while reducing weight

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7
Q

Pumper apparatus are required by NFPA® 1901 to carry one folding ladder, one roof ladder, and:

Select one:

a. two extension ladders.
b. one extension ladder.
c. one single ladder.
d. one combination ladder.

A

b.one extension ladder.

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8
Q

Which of the following is the BEST way to position a ladder that has been flat-raised parallel to the building?

Select one:

a. Shift the ladder to the side until it touches the building
b. Walk the ladder from one beam to the other into the desired position
c. Pivot the ladder 90 degrees on the beam closest to the building
d. Lower the ladder, change position, and raise perpendicular

A

c.Pivot the ladder 90 degrees on the beam closest to the building

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9
Q

Ladders made of ___ conduct heat, cold, and electricity, and may accumulate ice on the rungs in cold weather.

Select one:

a. aluminum
b. wood
c. carbon fiber
d. fiberglass

A

a.aluminum

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10
Q

When selecting a ladder to access a specific point, which of the following is MOST accurate regarding estimated distances and ladder reach?

Select one:

a. Extension ladders’ maximum extended length may be as much as 6 inches (150 mm) more than the designated length.
b. A commercial story averages 12 feet (4 m).
c. A residential story averages about 12 feet (4 m).
d. For ladders over 35 feet (11 m) in length, the reach is approximately 1 foot (300 mm) less than the designated length

A

b.A commercial story averages 12 feet (4 m).

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11
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the way to carry a roof ladder when using an extension ladder to access the roof?

Select one:

a. Shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip while on the ground, then climb the extension ladder to the roof.
b. Lift and slide the roof ladder onto the roof from the ground, then climb the extension ladder to deploy the roof ladder.
c. Climb the extension ladder to the roof, then have another firefighter pass the roof ladder up from the ground.
d. Climb the extension ladder, shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip, and carry the rest of the way to deploy on the roof pitch.

A

d.Climb the extension ladder, shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip, and carry the rest of the way to deploy on the roof pitch.

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12
Q

What is the term for the cross members that extend from one beam to the other and provide a foothold for climbing?

Select one:

a. Rails
b. Rungs
c. Truss blocks
d. Protection plates

A

b.Rungs

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13
Q

The lowest, widest section of an extension ladder is called the:

Select one:

a. fly section.
b. bed section.
c. halyard.
d. truss block.

A

b.bed section.

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14
Q

Which of the following statements BEST describes wood ladders?

Select one:

a. Wood ladders offer better resistance to flexing and bouncing when being climbed.
b. Wood ladders can fail suddenly when exposed to heat in excess of 200° F (93.33° C).
c. Wood ladders are light and easy to handle.
d. Wood ladders have the lowest cost of all fire service ladders.

A

a.Wood ladders offer better resistance to flexing and bouncing when being climbed.

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15
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder placement is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. The Incident Commander designates the exact spot where the ladder butt should be placed.
b. Ladders should be placed to the side of openings including doors, and paths of travel.
c. Strong points in building construction should not be considered when placing ladders.
d. The ladder butt should be placed as close as possible to the building to keep paths of travel clear.

A

b.Ladders should be placed to the side of openings including doors, and paths of travel.

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16
Q

Which of the following statements about handling ladders is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. A firefighter should relocate a positioned ladder only when ordered to do so.
b. Ladders should never carry a load greater than one firefighter every 20 feet (6 m).
c. Firefighters should never secure themselves to a ladder; they must be able to quickly retreat while working.
d. Ladder stability should be checked during training by climbing several rungs and shifting left and light.

A

a.A firefighter should relocate a positioned ladder only when ordered to do so.

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17
Q

What is the function of a ladder belt?

Select one:

a. Secure a ladder to an outside rack on an apparatus.
b. Safely secure firefighter to a ladder while performing work.
c. Support weight of large, heavy ladders during carries.
d. Prevent a raised ladder from moving away from a building.

A

b.Safely secure firefighter to a ladder while performing work.

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18
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a single, or straight, ladder?

Select one:

a. Telescoping ladder made up of bed rails and hand rails separated by bracing, typically pivoted into place
b. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices
c. Base section with one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed
d. One section, fixed length, used for quick access to roofs and windows of one- and two-story buildings

A

d.One section, fixed length, used for quick access to roofs and windows of one- and two-story buildings

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19
Q

Which type of ladder is designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder and as a single or extension ladder?

Select one:

a. Combination ladder
b. Roof ladder
c. Extension ladder
d. Straight ladder

A

a.Combination ladder

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20
Q

Which of the following statements about inspecting ladder elements is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Ladder shoes should be smooth, with rounded or mitered edges.
b. Discoloration of fiberglass ladders could indicate heat exposure.
c. Wood ladders should be inspected for cracked welds.
d. An extension ladder halyard cable should be slack when the ladder is in the bedded position.

A

b.Discoloration of fiberglass ladders could indicate heat exposure.

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21
Q

Which of the following BEST describes an extension ladder?

Select one:

a. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices
b. Designed with hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other
c. Equipped with folding hooks that anchor the ladder over the ridge of a pitched roof
d. Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed

A

d.Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed

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22
Q

Which of the following must be done before raising a ladder?

Select one:

a. Secure the ladder.
b. Check for overhead wires or electrical equipment.
c. Wrap and tie the halyard.
d. Place the ladder flat on the ground.

A

b.Check for overhead wires or electrical equipment.

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23
Q

What is one way that fire service ladders are different from ladders for private industry or general use?

Select one:

a. Fire service ladders mount differently on racks.
b. Fire service ladders differ in construction, shape, and design.
c. Fire service ladders provide a greater margin of safety.
d. Fire service ladders are designed for lighter loads.

A

c.Fire service ladders provide a greater margin of safety.

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24
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder inspection is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Ladders must be inspected by a trained and certified ladder technician.
b. NFPA® 1932 requires ladders be inspected after each use, and once each week.
c. Ladders that cannot be repaired must be destroyed or scrapped for parts.
d. Ladders must be service tested after each use, and once each month.

A

c.Ladders that cannot be repaired must be destroyed or scrapped for parts.

25
Q

NFPA® 1932 contains requirements for:

Select one:

a. ground ladder technique, training, and practice.
b. ground ladder carrying, placement, and raising.
c. ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.
d. ladder design, construction, and testing specifications.

A

c.ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.

26
Q

NFPA® 1901 requires quint fire apparatus to carry a minimum of ___ of ground ladders of the same types required for pumper apparatus.

Select one:

a. 50 feet (15 m)
b. 85 feet (26 m)
c. 115 feet (35 m)
d. 100 feet (30 m)

A

b.85 feet (26 m)

27
Q

Which of the following statements provides the BEST guideline for lifting and lowering ladders?

Select one:

a. Use the correct number of firefighters for the length and type of ladder to be lifted or lowered.
b. When lifting or lowering with a team, any member may start when ready, knowing the team will follow their lead.
c. When lowering a ladder, keep feet perpendicular to the ladder.
d. Keep knees straight and locked when lifting or lowering ladders.

A

a.Use the correct number of firefighters for the length and type of ladder to be lifted or lowered.

28
Q

Which of the following statements about tying in is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Tying in frees personnel who would otherwise be holding the ladder in place.
b. Tying in is the process of securing a firefighter to the ladder while performing work.
c. Tying in is a complex process that can be performed only by experienced technicians.
d. Tying in requires a great deal of time and is not recommended in emergency situations.

A

a.Tying in frees personnel who would otherwise be holding the ladder in place.

29
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the two means of escape required when personnel are working on a roof or upper story?

Select one:

a. At least one ground ladder and one escape rope
b. At least one ground ladder and one roof ladder
c. At least two ladders at remote locations from one another
d. At least two ladders located no more than ten feet apart

A

c.At least two ladders at remote locations from one another

30
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder raises is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Two firefighters may raise a ladder using either the flat raise method or the heel raise method.
b. The firefighter at the tip of the ladder is responsible for giving commands during the raise.
c. All ladders must be raised by two or more firefighters.
d. Ladders may be raised parallel to the building and pivoted after they are in the vertical position.

A

d.Ladders may be raised parallel to the building and pivoted after they are in the vertical position.

31
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a halyard?

Select one:

a. Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections
b. Device attached to the inside of beams to hold fly section in place
c. Upper section of an extension ladder, the section that moves
d. Metal rods located beneath rungs extending from one beam to another of a wood ladder

A

a.Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections

32
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a situation where a raised ground ladder may be shifted?

Select one:

a. The ladder was raised with the fly the incorrect position for deployment.
b. Fire personnel are ceasing operations and leaving the scene.
c. The ladder needs to be moved a short distance to align with a window.
d. The Incident Commander has ordered the ladder be relocated on the opposite side of the building.

A

c.The ladder needs to be moved a short distance to align with a window.

33
Q

NFPA® 1931 requires that single, roof combination and extension ladders must support a maximum load of:

Select one:

a. 200 lbs. (91 kg)
b. 300 lbs. (136 kg)
c. 750 lbs. (340 kg)
d. 600 lbs. (272 kg)

A

c.750 lbs. (340 kg)

34
Q

Which of the following statements about tying the extension ladder halyard is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. The halyard should be tied before resting the ladder against the structure.
b. The halyard should be tied to prevent the fly from slipping.
c. The halyard should be tied using a figure-eight on a bight.
d. The halyard should be tied differently for closed- and for open-ended halyards.

A

b.The halyard should be tied to prevent the fly from slipping.

35
Q

Where may ladders be mounted on aerial or quint apparatus?

Select one:

a. In a mechanically operated rack that lowers the ladder from the top of the hose bed
b. Horizontally, in a fixed rack mounted above the hose bed
c. Horizontally, in a compartment accessed from the right side compartment door
d. Vertically, on the left or right side of the apparatus bed

A

d.Vertically, on the left or right side of the apparatus bed

36
Q

Which of the following statements about heat sensor labels is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Heat sensors are required on all wood ladders.
b. Heat sensors are placed near the second rung from the base of the ladder.
c. Heat sensors are preset to change color at 300° F (149° C).
d. Heat sensors are required only on the bed section of extension ladders.

A

c.Heat sensors are preset to change color at 300° F (149° C).

37
Q

Which of the following describes the BEST technique for ascending a ladder with the least amount of bounce and sway?

Select one:

a. Straighten knees to quickly shift weight to each rung.
b. Climb smoothly and rhythmically.
c. Move hands and feet independently.
d. Climb quickly, with precise movements.

A

b.Climb smoothly and rhythmically.

38
Q

Which of the following BEST illustrates a safety guideline for handling ladders?

Select one:

a. Firefighters should minimize training on ladders to reduce the chance of personal injury.
b. Ladders should never be tied to structures or any other object that may restrict their movement. c.Firefighters should wear a full body harness and safety line when training on ladders.
d. Ladders may not be raised within 35 feet (11 m) of electrical wires or equipment.

A

c.Firefighters should wear a full body harness and safety line when training on ladders.

39
Q

The Occupational Health and Safety Administration requires ladders be kept a distance of at least 10 feet (3 m) from:

Select one:

a. electrical lines.
b. sidewalks.
c. flammable materials.
d. charged hose lines.

A

a.electrical lines.

40
Q

Which of the following describes the BEST placement of a ladder to be used for entry or rescue from a window?

Select one:

a. Ladder directly in front of window, tip even with top of window
b. Ladder alongside window on windward side, tip even with top of window
c. Ladder directly in front of window, tip extended 3-5 rungs above the roof line
d. Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip

A

d.Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip

41
Q

Which of the following statements about assisting a victim down a ladder is the MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Other activity using the ladder can continue uninterrupted during rescue operations.
b. The same lowering method is used for both conscious and unconscious victims.
c. Victims must be protected from slipping and falling when climbing down a ladder.
d. Conscious victims are lowered facing the firefighter.

A

c.Victims must be protected from slipping and falling when climbing down a ladder.

42
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the butt of a ladder?

Select one:

a. The bottom end of the ladder
b. A cross member that provides support for climbing
c. The extreme top of the ladder
d. A main structural member that supports the rungs

A

a.The bottom end of the ladder

43
Q

NFPA® 1931 requires which of the following markings on fire service ladders?

Select one:
a.Manufacturer's name plate
b.White or reflective top rung
cLocal inventory number
d.Apparatus designation
A

a.Manufacturer’s name plate

44
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder materials is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Wood ladders conduct heat, cold and electricity.
b. Fiberglass ladders are the least expensive fire service ladders.
c. Aluminum ladders are heat-resistant.
d. Fiberglass ladders can suddenly crack and fail if overloaded.

A

d.Fiberglass ladders can suddenly crack and fail if overloaded.

45
Q

Which of the following is the BEST way to clean a fire service ground ladder?

Select one:

a. Wash with a soft bristle brush and running water and use mild soap as needed.
b. Wipe with a soft dry cloth, never expose to water.
c. Wipe with a cloth soaked in a solvent, such as kerosene or turpentine.
d. Wash with a pressure washer, stiff scrub brush, and automotive detergent.

A

a.Wash with a soft bristle brush and running water and use mild soap as needed.

46
Q

Fire service ladders meeting the requirements of NFPA® 1931 are required to have:

Select one:

a. a locally assigned apparatus designation and inventory number.
b. a label indicating the position of the ladder when properly racked on the apparatus.
c. a mark indicating the balance point of ladders less than 24 feet (7 m).
d. a certification label indicating the ladder meets NFPA® 1931.

A

d.a certification label indicating the ladder meets NFPA® 1931.

47
Q

Which of the following statements BEST describes roof ladders?

Select one:

a. Single ladders with hinged rungs that allow a ladder to be folded so one rung rests against the other
b. Extension ladders which can be adjusted to specific lengths needed to access different roof heights
c. Self-supporting A-frame stepladder equipped with positive locking devices
d. Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working

A

d.Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working

48
Q

What is the most common material used for fire service ladders?

Select one:

a. Steel
b. Fiberglass
c. Wood
d. Aluminum

A

d.Aluminum

49
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder maintenance is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Routine ladder maintenance requires a trained ladder repair technician.
b. Ladders should be painted as needed, at least annually.
c. Routine ladder maintenance may be performed by firefighters.
d. Fire service ladders are moisture-resistant, and can be safely stored in damp locations.

A

c.Routine ladder maintenance may be performed by firefighters.

50
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a way to secure a firefighter to a ladder while performing work?

Select one:

a. Rope hose tool
b. Butt spur
c. Ladder lock
d. Leg lock

A

d.Leg lock

51
Q

Which of the following BEST describes a method for supporting the weight of an unconscious victim?

Select one:

a. Victim placed in full-body harness and life-safety rope held by rescuer at tip of ladder
b. Victim’s body rests on rescuer’s supporting knee
c. Victim’s body secured to rescuer with ladder belt
d. Victim’s legs placed between ladder rungs, weight supported on victim’s thighs

A

b.Victim’s body rests on rescuer’s supporting knee

52
Q

Which of the following statements about removing large victims is most accurate?

Select one:

a. Large victims typically do not require more personnel or equipment than other victims.
b. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on ladders placed side by side.
c. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on the same ladder, one above the victim and one below.
d. Large victims can be cradled across the rescuer’s arms.

A

b.Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on ladders placed side by side.

53
Q

Factors to consider when deciding where to place a ladder include:

Select one:

a. the distance the ladder will be carried from the apparatus.
b. the number of firefighters who will likely use the ladder.
c. the estimated time required for the task.
d. the structural features of the building.

A

d.the structural features of the building.

54
Q

Which type of ladder has hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other, allowing it to be carried in narrow passageways?

Select one:

a. Combination ladder
b. Folding ladder
c. Roof ladder
d. Extension ladder

A

b.Folding ladder

55
Q

To move a tool to a roof or upper floor during an emergency operation, a firefighter should:

Select one:

a. carry the tool with both hands, resting the tool on ladder rungs for balance.
b. climb the ladder, then have another firefighter toss the tool up to the tip of the ladder.
c. carry the tool with one hand, slide the free hand under the ladder beam.
d. attach the tool to a ladder belt worn while climbing.

A

c.carry the tool with one hand, slide the free hand under the ladder beam.

56
Q

Which of the following BEST describes the method used by a firefighter heeling from outside the ladder?

Select one:

a. Place foot on bottom rung, grasp halyard, and rest weight against halyard rope.
b. Chock butt end with one foot, grasp beams, and press ladder against building.
c. Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, grasp beams at eye level, and pull backward.
d. Slide leg over and behind a rung, rest weight on thigh.

A

b.Chock butt end with one foot, grasp beams, and press ladder against building.

57
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder placement is MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. If the butt is placed too far from the building, the weight of a person tends to cause the tip to pull away from the building.
b. An easy way to determine the proper distance between the butt and the building is to divide the working length of the ladder by four.
c. When the ladder is at the proper angle, a firefighter standing straight on the bottom rung should be able to rest an elbow on the rung directly in front.
d. Between the ladder and ground, the desired angle of inclination is about 45 degrees.

A

b.An easy way to determine the proper distance between the butt and the building is to divide the working length of the ladder by four.

58
Q

Which of the following statements about ladder climbing position is the MOST accurate?

Select one:

a. Keep eyes focused upward, fixed on the tip of the ladder.
b. Lean into ladder, bringing body as close to rungs as possible.
c. Reach overhead, using arms to pull body upward.
d. Keep arms straight (horizontal) during the climb.

A

d.Keep arms straight (horizontal) during the climb.

Fire service (24 decks)

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