Chapter 11 Vocab

Question 1

A histogram.

Answer 1

The most common graph of the distribution of a quantitative variable.

Question 2

An outlier

Answer 2

is an individual observation that falls outside the overall pattern of the graph in any graph of data.

Question 3

overall pattern

Answer 3

the pattern that the graph takes.

Question 4

deviation

Answer 4

Anything that is different from the pattern.

Question 5

The center

Answer 5

is distribution that is located at the middle of the distribution. This is the point in a graphic display where about half of the observations are on either side.

Question 6

The spread

Answer 6

the variability of the data. If the observations cover a wide range, the spread is larger. If the observations are clustered around a single value, the spread is smaller.
Describe the spread of a distribution by giving the smallest and largest values, ignoring any outliers.

Question 7

symmetric

Answer 7

A distribution where the right and left sides of the histogram are approximately mirror images of each other.

Question 8

skewed to the right

Answer 8

A distribution where the right side of the histogram (containing the half of the observations with larger values) extends much farther out than the left side.

Question 9

skewed to the left

Answer 9

A distribution where the left side of the histogram extends much farther out than the right side.

Question 10

stem

Answer 10

all of the numbers but the final (rightmost) digit.

Question 11

leaf

Answer 11

the final digit.