Chapter 11 Flashcards
binary fission
to cut in two
role of cyclin dependent kinase
regulation
centrioles
make up the microtubule and give structure
centrosomes
cloud of proteins around the microtubules that grow out and push centriole away from each other and then bind to kinetochore
kinetochore microtubules
proteins bind them together
asters
some microtubules connect to these in the plasma membrane
polar microtubules
makes cell expand when the microtubules miss and grow across the cell
prophase
chromatin condensing and on the way to forming chromosomes, nucleus goes away
pro metaphase
chromosomes attach to microtubules and complete them
metaphase
reach center of the cell, line up at metaphase plate, poles push till they can’t and it signals a pull
anaphase
travel to opposite poles because of loss of cohesion, now daughter chromosomes
telophase
dissolving, refracting mitotic spindle, nuclear envelope reforms, sister chromosomes relax into chromatin
difference between cytokinesis in plants and animals
animal- actin contacts and pinches the two apart
plant- end of telophase, produce vesicles full of cellulose in the middle to form a cell wall till they can break apart
synapsis
pairing homologous pairs, tightly line up perfectly, wrapped together, nuclear envelope
homologous recombination
starts with prophase 1, results in anaphase 1, 2 legs switch, exact exchanges
