Chapter 10 Blood Collection Procedures Flashcards
Plasma
Liquid portion of the UNCLOTTED blood and still contains clotting factors
Serum
liquid portion of blood that has been allowed to clot (coagulate). Clotting factors are no longer present as they have been used to clot the blood.
Tubes with anticoagulants
Light blue
Green (light or dark)
Pink
Lavender
Royal blue with a lavender stripe
Gray
What will tubes with anticoagulants produce?
Plasma when separated in a centrifuge
Tubes without anticoagulants List (4)
Clear-used as a discard tube
Red-glass
Tiger Top/Gold Top/ Marble Top/ SST
Royal blue with red stripe
What will tubes without anticoagulants produce?
Serum when separated in a centrifuge
What is the order of draw
- Blood Culture Bottles (Broth) BCX2
- Clear or Red (glass)/Light blue top (Sodium Citrate) 100% full
- Royal Blue with Red Stripe (none)
- Red top (Clot Activator if plastic)
- Gold, Tiger, Marble, SST (Silica/Gel)
- Light green top (Lithium Heparin/Gel) (PST)
- Dark Green Top (Sodium Heparin) *put on ice
- Pink Top (Potassium EDTA) 2/3 full
- Lavender top (EDTA)
- Royal Blue w/Lavender Stripe (EDTA)
- Gray Top (Sodium Fluoride / Potassium Oxalate)
Dark Blue (As called for in draw order)
- Blood Cultures
x2
Additive-Nutrient Broth
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Microbiology
Each set consists of two bottles
Aerobic (w/oxygen)
Anaerobic (w/out oxygen)
- Clear Top Tube or Red top tube
Discard to avoid Thrombin and other cells
- Light Blue Top Tube
Additive: Sodium Citrate
Yields: Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Coagulation or Hematology
9 parts blood to 1 part additive (filled completely)
3-4 times inverted
Common Tests for Light Blue
Prothrombin Time (PT)-
Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)-
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
D-Dimer
- Red Top Tube Clot
Additive: Glass-none
Plastic-clot activator (S)ETOH
Yields: Serum
Lab responsible for specimen testing:Chemistry
Common Tests for Red Top Tube
“Plan vacuum tube” no addditve or anticoagulant. In this tube, blood will clot naturally within 30-60 minutes
serum hCG
serum ETOH
- Tiger/Marble/Red-Gray Speckled, Gold or SST Top Tube additives
Additive: Silica (clot activator) & Thixotropic Gel (serum separator)
Yields: Serum
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Chemistry
Common Tests for SST Tube
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
Complete/Comprehensive Metabolic Panel/Profile (CMP)
Serum hCG
Lipids/Cholesterol
Hepatic Panel
Progesterone
- Light (Lithium Heparin) Green Top Tube (PST)
Additives
Additive: Lithium Heparin (an anticoagulant), and Thixotropic Gel (a plasma separator)
Yields: Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Chemistry
Common Tests for Light PST (LITHIUM HEPARIN & THIXOTROPIC) green top tube
STAT Electrolytes “LYTES”-
(P) hCG
(P) hCG qualitative-
(P) hCG quantitative
- Dark Green Top Tube (Sodium Heparin)
Additive: Sodium Heparin an anticoagulant
Yields: Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Chemistry
Common tests for Dark Green Top Tube
Ammonia
**Must be placed on ice
- Pink Top Tube (P) in (K2)
Additives
Additive: Potassium EDTA
Yields: Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Blood Bank
2/3 full or more
Common Tests for Pink Top Tube
Type and Screen Ratio (TSR)
Cross Match
- Lavender or Light/Dark Purple Top Tubes
Additives
Additive: Ethylendiaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA)
Yields: Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Hematology
Common tests for Lavender or Light/Dark Purple Top Tubes (7)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Sickle Cell
Complete Blood Count (CBC) **never centrifuged
Hematocrit
Hemoglobin
Platelets
Hemoglobin A1C (HgA1C)- 3 month span for diabetes
- Gray Top Tube
Additives
Additives: Sodium Fluoride an antiglycolytic agent (glucose preservative) and Potassium Oxalate an anticoagulant
Yields: Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Chemistry
Common Tests for Gray Top Tube (3)
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Lactic Acid
Should be drawn without stasis (no tourniquet applied)
**sample must be placed on ice
Alcohol (P) ETOH- do NOT clean the site with alcohol
Sodium Fluoride
Preservative that prevents the breakdown of sugar. It will preserve the integrity of glucose in the sample for 3 days
If glucose test requires serum which tube top color should be used instead of Gray?
SST
Potassium Oxalate
Is an anticoagulant that prevents clotting by binding to calcium in the sample.
**Royal Blue Top Tube
Both additives
Additive: Red Stripe-None
Blue/Lavender Stripe-EDTA
Yields: Red Stripe-Serum
Blue/Lavender Stripe-Plasma
Lab responsible for specimen testing: Toxicology
**common Test for Royal Blue Top Tube
Lead (Pb) Poisoning
Heavy Metal Toxicology
- Royal Blue Top Tube with Red Stripe
No additive tests
Lead (Pb) Poisoning
Heavy Metal Toxicology
- Royal Blue Top Tube with Blue/Lavender Stripe
EDTA
Tests
Lead (Pb) Poisoning
Heavy Metal Toxicology
What does the Royal Blue Top Tube with Red Stripe yield?
Serum
What does Royal Blue Top Tube with Blue/Lavender stripe yield
Plasma
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Solely look out for patients
Establish standards and practices of ops in all healthcare settings
Improve healthcare
CLSI Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute
Develops standards
Sets standards globally nfp
Phlebotomy programs approval, cert exam, questions and standard of care based on CLSI standards
