Chapter 10/11 PK Quiz Terms Flashcards
Suez Canal
Located in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean and the Red Sea; allowed steam-driven European ships to reach distant Asian, African, Pacific ports more quickly and predictably and to penetrate interior rivers as well
Civilizing Mission
European colonial powers felt it was their duty to bring Western civilization to what they perceived as backward people by Westernizing them and assimilating them into Western culture
Social Darwinism
The theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals
Scramble for Africa
The process by which European countries partitioned the continent of Africa among themselves in the period 1875-1900
Samori Toure
Muslim military personnel who was defeated by French forces that conquered his new West African empire
Battle of Isandlwana
Battle where the British were initially defeated by a Zulu army in an 1879 South Africa
Boer War
Battle of Isandlwana evolved into a Boer War where the Boers, white descendants of the earlier Dutch settlers in South Africa, fighting bitterly before eventually succumbing to the British forces
Spanish-American War
Armed conflict between the United States and Spain that erupted after the U.S. expressed support for Filipinos and Cuban freedom against the Spanish; US won and eventually acquired Puerto Rico
Battle of Adowa
Famous battle which marked Ethiopia as an expanding empire due to defeating Italy; Ethiopia preserved its independence
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Major but unsuccessful uprising in India against British East India company; was partly caused by British military forced introducing a new cartridge smeared with animal far from pigs and cows causing strife among both Muslims and Hindus
Congo Free State
Private colony ruled by Leopoldo II, king of Belgium; was a state of forced labor and killing by private companies, killing millions of people
Cultivation System
System of forced labor used in the Netherlands East Indies in the 19th century where peasants had to cultivate their land for sale and at low and fixed prices to government contractors
Maji Maji Rebellion
Massive rebellion due to the harsh conditions of the cultivation system; known as the Maji Maji, it persuaded the Germans to end the forced growing of cotton
Cash-Crop Production
Colonial rule created conditions that facilitated and increased cash crop production to the advantage of local farmers
Africanization of Christianity
Process that occurred in non-Muslim Africa, where many who converted to Christianity sought to incorporate older traditions, values, and practices into their understanding of Christianity