Chapter 1 Test

Question 1

Government

Answer 1

The institution through which society makes and enforces public policies

Question 2

Public policies

Answer 2

All the things the government decides to do

Question 3

Legislative power

Answer 3

Make the laws

Question 4

Executive power

Answer 4

Enforce the laws

Question 5

Judicial power

Answer 5

Interpret the law

Question 6

Dictatorship

Answer 6

Ruled by one person

Question 7

Democracy (2 types)

Answer 7

Direct: themselves
Indirect: through representatives

Question 8

State

Answer 8

Dominant political unit in the world, body of people

Question 9

Sovereign

Answer 9

Supreme power

Question 10

MOnarchy

Answer 10

Power rests on one person

Question 11

Oligarchy

Answer 11

Rule by a small group

Question 12

Citizen

Answer 12

One who holds certain rights and responsibilities of the state

Question 13

Authoritarian

Answer 13

The state has all political power

Question 14

Totalitarian

Answer 14

The state has power of everything

Question 15

Republic

Answer 15

Rule by the law

Question 16

Unitary government

Answer 16

Power in hands of central agency

Question 17

Federal government

Answer 17

Power is state equally by central and local

Question 18

Confederate government

Answer 18

Power is given only to local agencies

Question 19

Parliamentarian government

Answer 19

Executive is chosen and controlled by legislative branch

Question 20

Presidential government

Answer 20

Legislative and executive are independent and co-equal

Question 21

Majority rule

Answer 21

Democracy

Question 22

Anarchy

Answer 22

No government

Question 23

Free enterprise

Answer 23

Capitalism, American economic system is based on system

Question 24

Characteristics of a state (4)

Answer 24

Population: people
Territory/border: land
Sovereignty: supreme power
Central government: politically organized

Question 25

Origins of state (4)

Answer 25

Force theory: state born out of force
Evolution theory: state came out of family
Divine right theory: God gave a certain people the right to rule
Social contact theory: free people gave the state as much power as it needed

Question 26

Forms of government (5)

Answer 26

Anarchy: no government 
Dictatorship: ruled by one
Oligarchy: ruled by few
Democracy: ruled by majority 
Republic: ruled by law

Question 27

Purposes of government (6)

Answer 27

Form a more perfect union: strength in union
Establish justice: the law must be reasonable
Ensure domestic tranquility: provide law and order at home
Provide for the common defense: defense against enemies
Promote the general welfare: provide services
Secure the blessings of liberty: guarantees freedom of individual

Question 28

Basic notions (5)

Answer 28

Equality of person: equality of opportunity and law
Worth of individual: we are separate
Majority rules minority rights: minority can become majority
Necessity of compromise: always two sides
Individual freedom: we have incomplete rights

Question 29

Elements of free enterprise (4)

Answer 29

Private ownership
Individual initiative 
Profit
Competition
Supply and demand

Question 30

Difference between democracy and republic

Answer 30

Democracy rules by the majority, republic rules by the law