Chapter 1- Changes In Energy Stores

Question 1

Can energy be created or destroyed

Answer 1

No, but it can be transferred between energy stores

Question 2

Name all the different ways in which energy can be stored

Answer 2

Kinetic, gravitational, elastic potential, electrostatic, magnetic, chemical, nuclear, thermal (internal)

Question 3

Name the ways that energy can be transferred (between different stores)

Answer 3

Mechanically, electrically, heating, radiation

Question 4

What is kinetic energy and gravitation energy

Answer 4

Kinetic- the energy of a moving object , gravitational- the energy something gains when you lift it up and which it loses when it falls

Question 5

What is elastic potential energy and electrostatic energy

Answer 5

Elastic potential- the energy of a stretched spring or elastic band , electrostatic- the energy due to the force of attraction/repulsion between two charges

Question 6

What is magnetic energy and chemical energy

Answer 6

Magnetic- the energy due to the force of attraction/repulsion between two magnets , Chemical- the energy in a chemical substance

Question 7

What is nuclear energy and thermal energy

Answer 7

Nuclear- the energy in the nucleus of an atom, Thermal- the energy something has because of its temperature or state

Question 8

What does transferring energy mechanically mean

Answer 8

When a force acts on a body, energy can be transferred between two stores

Question 9

What does transferring energy electrically mean

Answer 9

Electricity can transfer energy from a power source, taking it to components within a circuit

Question 10

What does transferring energy by heating mean

Answer 10

Thermal energy can be transferred from place to place by the processes of conduction, convection and thermal radiation

Question 11

What does transferring energy by radiation mean

Answer 11

Light and sound carry energy and so can transfer it between places

Question 12

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 12

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one store to another

Question 13

What is a closed system

Answer 13

A group of objects or a physical system that does not allow certain types of transfers (such as transfer of mass) in or out of the system

Question 14

Energy in a closed system?

Answer 14

The total amount of energy in a closed system is constant

Question 15

What diagram can represent the energy changes that occur when energy is transferred

Answer 15

Original energy store => new energy store => final energy store

Question 16

Energy transfers that take place in a small number of common situations

Answer 16

• an object moving upwards (throwing a ball up into the air) kinetic store => gravitational store
• a moving object hitting an obstacle (a car hitting a brick wall) kinetic store => thermal store
• a vehicle being accelerated by a constant force (car by thrust) chemical store => kinetic store