Chapter 1 Cells: The basic units of life Section 1

Question 1

in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

A phospholipid layer that cover’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment

Answer 2

Cell Membrane

Question 3

one of the smallest bodies in cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function

Answer 3

Organelle

Question 4

in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane- bound organelle organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus

Answer 5

Prokaryote

Question 6

an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals , plants, and fungi but not archae-bacteria or eubacteria

Answer 6

Eukaryote

Question 7

multicellular

Answer 7

many cells

Question 8

Extremophiles

Answer 8

heat loving and salt loving archaebacteria

Question 9

archaea

Answer 9

the second kind of prokaryote

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

tiny, round organelles made of protein and other materials

Question 11

Archaebacteria

Answer 11

The second group out of two

Question 12

Eubacteria

Answer 12

the first group out of two

Question 13

Prokaryotic

Answer 13

Cells with no nucleus

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

this fluid and almost all of the contents

Question 15

surface area to volume ratio

Answer 15

= surface area/ volume

Question 16

cell theory

Answer 16

All organisms are made of one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of all living things

Question 17

Animalcules

Answer 17

Little animals

Question 18

Was the first person to describe cells

Answer 18

Robert Hooke

Question 19

a dutch merchant, made his own microscopes, he used one of his microscopes to look at pond scum, he saw small organisms in the water. He named these organisms “animalcules” which means little animals

Answer 19

Leeuwenhoek

Question 20

Studied plants and in 1838 he concluded that all plants were made of cells

Answer 20

Schleiden

Question 21

Stated that all cells could form from only other cells. He added all cells come from existing cells to the cell theory

Answer 21

Virchow

Question 22

Concluded that all animal tissues were made of cells. He added to the cell theory that All organisms are made of one or more cells, and The cell is the basic unit of all living things

Answer 22

Schwann