Chapter 1 - Biology and Behavior

Question 1

Somatic nervous system

Answer 1

Consists of sensory and motor neurons distributed throughout the skin, muscles and joints

Question 2

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 2

Regulates involuntary muscle and glandular secretion (heart beat, respiration, digestion). Independent of conscious control

Question 3

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 3

Conserves energy: reduces heart rate, construct bronchi, digestion. Acetylcholine main neurotransmitter involved

Question 4

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 4

Activated by stress. Fight or flight (increases HR, redistributed blood to muscles, etc.

Question 5

What is the connective tissue that surrounds the brain?

Answer 5

Meninges

Question 6

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 6

1. Dura mater
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Pia matter

Question 7

Forebrain structures

Answer 7

Cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus

Question 8

Midbrain structure and function

Answer 8

Inferior and superior colliculli (sensorimotor reflexes)

Question 9

Hindbrain structures

Answer 9

Cerebellum, medulla oblongata, reticular formation

Question 10

Thalamus

Answer 10

Relay center for all incoming sensory information except smell. Sorts and transmits those signals to appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex

Question 11

Hypothalamus

Answer 11

Serves homeostatic function. 
Feeding (ventromedial) 
Fighting
Flighting
Functioning sexually (anterior)

Question 12

Basal ganglia

Answer 12

Coordinates muscle movement, relays information from the cortex to brain and spinal cord

Question 13

Amygdala

Answer 13

Important role in defensive and aggressive behaviors

Question 14

Hippocampus

Answer 14

Learning and memory process

Question 15

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 15

Can’t establish long term memories. Memory for events that occurred before brain injury is usually intact

Question 16

Retrograde amnesia

Answer 16

Memory loss of events that transpired before the injury

Question 17

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 17

Processes association with perception, memory, emotion, impulse control, and long term planning