Chapter 1 & 3 Test Flashcards
Which of the following is known as high contrast resolution?
a.) matrix resolution
b.) none of the above
c.) spatial resolution
d.) contrast resolution
c.) spatial resolution
The window width setting in a digital imaging system is used to manipulate which of the following values?
a.) image brightness
b.) image contrast
c.) spatial resolution
d.) temporal resolution
b.) image contrast
Limiting scatter radiation does not improve image contrast.
a.) true
b.) false
b.) false
Which organization sets the standards of healthcare accreditation?
a.) private insurance companies
b.) TJC
c.) DNV
d.) centers for medicare/medicaid services (CMS)
d.) centers for medicare/medicaid services (CMS)
Besides the joint commission, what other organization is approved to accredit health care facilities?
a.) DNV
b.) CMS
c.) JCAHO
d.) ARRT
a.) DNV
Which of the following is known as low contrast resolution?
a.) spatial resolution
b.) none of the above
c.) matrix resolution
d.) contrast resolution
d.) contrast resolution
Which organization are responsible for accrediting hospital facilities by medicare services?
1.) tjc
2.) arrt
3.) acr
4.) dnv-gl
a.) a and b only
b.) a, b, c and d
c.) a and d only
d.) d only
c.) a and d only
A high SNR will produce what type of spatial resolution?
a.) SNR doesnt effect spatial resolution
b.) high
c.) low
d.) it depends on the type of noise involved
b.) high
Which of the following are considered suppliers in the radiology process? Choose all that apply.
a.) nurses and other hospital staff
b.) the community
c.) referring physicians
d.) equipment vendors
c.) referring physicians
d.) equipment vendors
Which of the following levels of quality uses statistical data to measure an outcome?
a.) perceived quality
b.) actual quality
c.) expected quality
b.) actual quality
The type of contrast that is caused by variations in the tissue density within the anatomic part to be imaged defines which of the following?
a.) inherent contrast
b.) image contrast
c.) subject contrast
d.) none of the answers are correct
c.) subject contrast
Factors that can impact spatial resolution include:
1.) patient factors
2.) focal spot size
3.) SID
a.) 1, 2 and 3
b.) 1 and 2 only
c.) 2 and 3 only
d.) 1 only
a.) 1, 2 and 3
Which levels of quality control testing can usually be performed by a quality assurance/quality management technologist:
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1 and 3
c.) 1, 2 and 3
a.) 1 and 2
Information or knowledge necessary to acheive desired outcomes
Input
Means or activity used to acheive desired outcomes
Action
The desired outcome, result, product, or characteristic that satisfies the customer
Outcome
Person, department or organization that needs or wants a desired outcome
Customer
Which of the following is part of a systems software that adjusts the image to the desired contrast?
a.) rescaling
b.) dynamic range
c.) detective quantam efficiency
d.) look up table
d.) look up table
Personnel involved in a process, equipment used in a process, and the type/quality of materials used in a process are all examples of:
a.) administrative components
b.) key process variables
c.) healthcare metrics
d.) process components
b.) key process variables
All of the following are acceptable ways to reduce radiation exposure EXCEPT:
a.) use AP instead of PA projections
b.) use intermittent (pulsed) fluoroscopy
c.) use a fast speed IR
d.) use last image hold feature
a.) use AP instead of PA projections
Which of the following is the primary controlling factor of quality?
a.) KVP
b.) mas
a.) KVP
An image demonstrating many brightness levels, shades of gray with only slight differences between the levels/shades is said to possess:
1.) long scale contrast
2.) low contrast
3.) short scale contrast
a.) 2 only
b.) 1 and 2 only
c.) 2 and 3 only
d.) 1 only
b.) 1 and 2 only
Which part of a key process is measurable?
a.) KOV
b.) KAV
c.) KIV
d.) KVP
a.) KOV
When a radiology department gets new xray equipment and performs testing to make sure everything is running smoothly and the equipment wasnt damaged in transit, this is called:
a.) acceptance testing
b.) performance testing
c.) QC testing
d.) error correction testing
a.) acceptance testing
An incident that costs a facility money or its reputation is:
Loss potential
Which of the following is an individual or entity that furnishes input or goods or services to a medical facility?
a.) internal customer
b.) patient
c.) customer
d.) supplier
d.) supplier
The nyquist frequency states that a signal must be sampled at least twice per cycle to avoid data loss.
a.) true
b.) false
a.) true
Which government agency mandates a policy on exposure to blood born pathogens?
a.) FDA
b.) OSHA
c.) NRC
d.) EPA
b.) OSHA
Organizations that are not accredited: (choose all that apply)
a.) cannot treat pediatric patient
b.) can only treat self paying patients
c.) lose their residency programs
d.) cannot get malpractive insurance
e.) will lose medicaid/medicare reimbursments
c.) lose their residency programs
d.) cannot get malpractive insurance
e.) will lose medicaid/medicare
Low kvp produces _____________ contrast images while high kvp produces ___________ contrast images.
a.) high, high
b.) low high
c.) low, low
d.) high, low
d.) high, low
Variables can have a _________ impact on a process.
a.) negative
b.) positive
a.) negative
Which term describes the range of exposures that an IR can accurately detect?
a.) look up table
b.) dynamic range
c.) rescaling
d.) DQE
b.) dynamic range
All of the following are true for reducing patient dose EXCEPT:
a.) high kvp
b.) pulsed fluoro
c.) increase patient to image intensifier distance for c arm exams
d.) low mas
c.) Increase patient to image intensifier distance for c arm exams
Quality assesment:
a.) concerns only instruments and equipment
b.) concerns only human factors
c.) makes no effort to improve the level of care, just maintain it
d.) focuses on the process, not the employee
c.) makes no effort to improve the level of care, just maintain it
Which of the following terms best describes the ability of an imaging system to create seperate images of closely spaced high contrast objects?
a.) quantam resolution
b.) spatial resolution
c.) screen speed
d.) contrast resolution
b.) spatial resolution
Which government agency mandates a policy on medical equipment and operation?
a.) TJC
b.) FDA
c.) CDRH
d.) OSHA
b.) FDA
A large matrix will offer what type of spatial resolution:
a.) greater
b.) martixes have no effect on spatial resolution
c.) less
a.) greater
___________ refers to the number of detectors, or DELS per millimeter in the image receptor.
a.) aperture size
b.) cones
c.) diaphragms
d.) array
a.) aperature size
An example of an internal customer would be:
a.) contrast vendor
b.) patients family member
c.) ER department
d.) patient
c.) ER department
Which of the following describes a sentinel event indicator?
a.) the wrong limb was mistakenly amputated
b.) a patient has a moderate reaction to contrast
c.) a patient falls off of an exam table
d.) during a routine procedure, a vessel is accidentally perforated
a.) the wrong limb was mistakenly amputated
What is the unit of measurement for spatial resolution?
a.) lp/cm
b.) l/m
c.) lp/m
d.) lp/mm
d.) lp/mm
The _____________ includes levels of accuracy, sensitivy, and specificity of diagnosis and should include items such as the number of xrays taken per exam and the amount of radiation per exam.
a.) threshold of acceptability
b.) adverse event
c.) diagnostic reference level
d.) sentinel event
a.) threshold of acceptability
Which organization is responsible for enforcing federal radiation regulations?
a.) OSHA
b.) FDA
c.) NRC
d.) joint commission
c.) NRC
An incident is:
a.) an occurence that is not consistent with routine care
b.) an accident that never should have occured
a.) an occurence that is not consistent with routine care
What are the three levels of quality:
a.) actual
b.) perceived
c.) standard
d.) expected
a.) actual
b.) perceived
d.) expected
Accreditation is:
a.) a method established to determine if an organization is meeting minimum standards
b.) the minimum, not the maximum
c.) enforced by the ARRT
d.) voluntary
a.) a method established to determine if an organization is meeting minimum standards
d.) voluntary
Which of the following describes the type of contrast that is caused by variations in the tissue density within the anatomic part?
a.) subject contrast
b.) spatial resolution
c.) image contrast
d.) inherent contrast
a.) subject contrast
Any radiographer can perform which of the following tests?
a.) noninvasive, simple
b.) invasive, simple
c.) noninvasive, complex
d.) invasive, complex
a.) noninvasive, simple
A ______________ is a suggested action level that is used to help facilities determine if acceptable image quality can be acheived at a lower dose.
a.) patient dose tracking
b.) acheivable dose
c.) diagnostic reference level
d.) threshold of acceptability
c.) diagnostic reference level
Process of officially recognizing a particular status or qualification defines:
a.) perceived quality
b.) risk management
c.) CQI
d.) accreditation
d.) accreditation
An activity that costs the facility money or their reputation is called:
a.) loss potential
b.) risk managment
c.) claims prevention
d.) an incident
a.) loss potential
Diagnostic imaging procedures contribute to what percentage of radiation in the United States?
90%
All of the following are related to spatial resolution except:
a.) millamperage
b.) OID
c.) SID
d.) focal spot size
a.) Milliamperage
Which of the following quality control tests are performed when a facility receives a new piece of equipment?
a.) routine performance evaluation
b.) assurance testing
c.) error correction tests
d.) acceptance testing
d.) acceptance testing
The window level setting in a digital system is used to manipulate which of the following values?
a.) spatial resolution
b.) temporal resolution
c.) image brightness
d.) image contrast
c.) image brightness
Joint commission accredits approximately how many agencies?
a.) 100,000
b.) 20,000
c.) 1 million
d.) 5,000
b.) 20000
Which of the following levels of quality may be affected by how well a technician interacts with a patient during an exam?
a.) actual quality
b.) expected quality
c.) perceived quality
c.) perceived quality
The joint commission sets their standards based on:
a.) conditions set by professional bodies (ARRT, ASRT)
b.) florence nightingale standards
c.) medicare/medicaid conditions that must be met for reimbursement
d.) private insurance conditions that must be met for reimbursement
c.) medicare/ medicaid conditions that must be met for reimburesement
Which type of contrast is dependent on what the imaging system is capable of?
a.) contrast resolution
b.) image contrast
c.) subject contrast
d.) inherent contrast
d.) inherent contrast
WHich of the following levels of quality occur before a patient arrives at a facility?
a.) perceived quality
b.) actual quality
c.) expected quality
c.) expected quality
A physicist or engineer is responsible for performing which type of testing?
a.) invasive and complex testing
b.) performance
c.) noninvasive and simple
d.) noninvasive and complex
a.) Invasive and complex testing
Which organization invented continuous quality improvement?
a.) DNV
b.) FDA
c.) OSHA
d.) TJC
d.) TJC
Components that may effect the final output are called:
a.) healthcare metrics
b.) process components
c.) risk management
d.) key process variables
d.) key process variables
Establishing a 20 minute maximum wairt time for a procedure is considered:
a.) patient satisfaction
b.) personnel performance
c.) patient comfort
d.) threshold of acceptability
d.) threshold of acceptability
WHich of the following describes the ability of an imaging system to tell structures with similar thickness or density apart?
a.) screen speed
b.) quantam resolution
c.) contrast resolution
d.) spatial resolution
c.) contrast resolution
If an imaging system operated with a DQE of 1, patient dose may potentially be:
a.) DQE doesnt affect patient care
b.) lower
c.) higher
b.) lower
A radiograph that has describes that are very different from each other
a.) has many shades of gray
b.) has long scale contrast
c.) has high contrast
d.) has lwo contrast
c.) has high contrast
A QC trained technician can perform which of the following test
a.) invasive, simple
b.) noninvasive, simple
c.) invasive complex
d.) noninvasive complex
d.) Noninvasive complex
Which of the following software functions adjusts an iamge for under or over exposure ?
a.) look up table
b.) MTF
c.) DQE
d.) rescaling
d.) rescaling