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History > Changing Political Environment > Flashcards

Changing Political Environment Flashcards

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1
Q

who is most likely to vote democrat

A

people of colour

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2
Q

who is more likely to vote republican

A

WASPs

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3
Q

what is normalcy

A

returning to how life was pre world war one

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4
Q

what is isolationism

A

a policy remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups especially the political affairs of other countries

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5
Q

why did Wilson and harding disagree about entering the league of nations

A

because harding said it meant that the US would have to defend another country in effect of a war which went against isolantionsim

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6
Q

how much did unemployment rise after work war 1

A

from 950,000 to 5,010,000

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7
Q

what is a tariff

A

taxes put on goods going in or out of a country

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8
Q

what was the purpose of tariffs after World War One

A

to protect the US trade and industry

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9
Q

economic impacts on America after World War One

A

-drastic rise in unemployment
-tax reduction as taxes were high during the war
-introduction of tariffs
-introduction of radio to promote industry

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10
Q

political impacts on America after World War One

A

-not joining League of Nations
-trade tariffs
-not setting up colonies

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11
Q

what is prohibition and when did it happen

A

banning of making and selling alcohol in the 1920s

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12
Q

why did prohibition happen

A

people believed that alcohol is the root of all evil

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13
Q

what is the American dream

A

there is no limits to your achievement

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14
Q

what is the red scare and when did the first one happen

A

a widespread fear of a potential rise in communism and it happened in the 1920s

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15
Q

why were Americans is scared of communism in the 1920s

A

it went against the American dream and communists seized properties in other countries which scared rich Americans

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16
Q

main things that harding did in his presidency and when was his presidency

A

1921-23
-return to normalcy
-isolationism
-decrease in exports
-decrease in federal government
-decrease in federal tax
-increase in unemployment
-fails to pass anti-lynching bill
-vetos veterans bonus

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17
Q

main things that Coolidge did in his presidency and when it was

A

1923-29
-small government
-decreases national debt
-more tariffs
-tax cuts
-federal aid for natural disasters

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18
Q

main things Hoover did in his presidency and when it was

A

1929-33
-increases tax
-bonus march mishandled
-rugged individualism saw intervention as un-American
-Wall Street crash/ great depression

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19
Q

why did the Wall Street crash lead to Great Depression in the cities

A

-factories produced goods
-not enough people could afford them
-factories couldn’t sell goods
-factories cut wages production and workforce

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20
Q

why did the walk street crash lead to the Great Depression in the countryside

A

-farms overproduced
-prices fell so farmers earn less
-farms grew more to earn more
-prices fell lower
-farmers couldn’t pay debt
-bank took over farms to pay debt

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21
Q

why did the Wall Street crash lead to the Great Depression in downtown New York

A

-share prices plummeted
-banks lost money they had invested in customers
-banks called in outstanding loans
-people lost confidence in banks and took money out of them
-companies went bankrupt and closed which increased unemployement

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22
Q

why did hoover lose the 1932 election

A

-bad reaction to bonus army = loss of popularity
-blamed for the economic crisis
-last year of presidency the government received $2000 million and he spent $5000 million

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23
Q

why did FDR win the 1932 election

A

-proposal of the New Deal
-relief was his ‘social duty’
- anti hoover propaganda

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24
Q

when was FDR president

A

1933-45

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25
Q

what was FDRs character

A

-great personal wealth but sympathised with less privileged
-contracted polio so was paralysed from the waist down

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26
Q

what was the new deal trying to achieve

A

-regulate banking and the stock exchange
-resolve overproduction by paying farmers to produce less
-large scale relief and public works programmes
-revitalise industry and create jobs and provide relief to the unemployed

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27
Q

what is the AAA and was it relief recovery or reform

A

recovery and it was paying farmers subsidies to produce less food to solve the problem of over production to push up prices

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28
Q

what is the CWA and was it relief recovery or reform

A

relief and it was short term jobs over the winter of 33-34 e.g sweeping leaves

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29
Q

what is the NRA and was it relief recovery or reform

A

Recovery/ reform and it created better working conditions which boosted the economy and encouraged trade unions

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30
Q

did FDR increase or decrease White House staff

A

increase

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31
Q

did FDR create inflation or deflation

A

both they cancelled each other out

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32
Q

what were FDRs radio broadcast called and what did they do

A

fireside chats and they explained his policies

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33
Q

how many terms was FDR elected

A

4

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34
Q

what did republicans dislike about FDR

A

how he increased the power of the presidency

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35
Q

which two alphabet agencies were ruled unconstitutional and in what year

A

NRA and AAA
1937

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36
Q

how did FDR reassure America that they would remain neutral in ww2

A

with a fireside chat

37
Q

what did war production do to the us economy

A

boost it

38
Q

what is the lend-lease act

A

lending Britain supplies to be returned after the war

39
Q

why did Britain need the lend lease act

A

because they could not afford to buy anymore goods

40
Q

what was the value of the lend-lease supplies by the end of the war

A

$51 billion

41
Q

what happened to unemployment during WW2

A

unemployment dropped

42
Q

trumans presidential style

A

personality- not charismatic or confident
media- thought working with media was important
public- didn’t appeal to the public
congress- worked less well with congress

43
Q

eisenhowers presidential style

A

personality - optimistic and friendly
media- working with media is important but minimised problems
public- good public manner and speeches
congress- worked well with congress

44
Q

kennedys presidential style

A

personality- from a political family understood importance of charm
media- working with media is important used tv effectively
public- good manner, accessible and attractive
congress- worked really well with congress

45
Q

Johnsons presidential style

A

personality- had been in politics a while understood charm
media- not a natural but kept them informed
public- could give good and bad speeches
congress- very good relationship

46
Q

nixons presidential style

A

personality- clever, capable and suspicious
media- distrusted media [Watergate]
public- not good with people
congress- awkward with congress due to his suspicious nature

47
Q

when was the second red scare

A

1947-54

48
Q

what is HUAC

A

house of un-American activities commission

49
Q

what did Elizabeth Bently tell HUAC and what did this catalyse

A

she had been part of a Moscow led spy ring and named other employees involved
trials such as the hiss trial and Rosenberg trials took place and they were both found guilty

50
Q

when did china become communist

A

1949

51
Q

why was Truman held responsible for the loss of china to communism

A

because he did not give enough support to Chiang kai-she the leader of the Chinese government against the communist rebels

52
Q

why did Truman not support Chiang kai shek

A

because he was advised not to as the government was corrupt and the advisors thought the rebels just wanted change in china not worldwide communism

53
Q

what did Joseph McCarthy do

A

gave an anti communist speech to a republican women’s group and claimed he knew 205 communists working in state departments
he changed the numbers for 205 to 47 to 81

54
Q

what committee was set up to investigate mcgarthys committee

A

tidings committee

55
Q

what did the tidings committee find

A

that the accusation were a muddle of half truths and lies

56
Q

due to the red scare what were the FBI given power to do

A

investigate people and have the HUAC question them with little evidence
tap into phones open letters and bug home and offices

57
Q

what did librarians do in the late 1950s due to the fear of communism

A

a third of librarians removed books such as the works of Karl Marx to avoid being accused of communist sympathies

58
Q

what were some of the characteristics of a liberal

A

educated and middle class
supported cicil rights and equality and social welfare
liberal politicians produced the idea of positive discrimination

59
Q

what is the DNC

A

democratic national convention

60
Q

when did the DNC meet in Chicago and what happened

A

1968
they were discussing the war in Vietnam
there were anti-war protestors outside and the police used brutality to break the up
the next day Donal Peterson a delegate led a 2000 strong march against police brutality

61
Q

what was counter culture

A

wanting to change society by changing the culture

62
Q

what were one major things hippies would do

A

wanted lose tight family system believed in peace and sexual freedom and often took mind altering drugs
Woodstock festival- August 1969 somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people showed up drugs were easily available and sexual freedom was expected

63
Q

name one of the radical student groups that was set up

A

SDS - students fro a democratic society in 1960

64
Q

what did radical student groups hope to achieve

A

SDS rejected all forms of bigitort and violently protested against the war in Vietnam
free speech movement used sit ins until the free speech on campus at the uni of California

65
Q

what was the conservative reaction

A

people who thought counter culture was wrong often older people or students who didn’t get to go to uni

66
Q

in 1969 what policies did Nixon campaign on

A

new right

67
Q

what was the campus crusade for christ and what was it

A

1967
an evangelical preacher going to unis campaigned to go back to traditional values

68
Q

what was the Marshall plan

A

early 19503 federal defence administration is set up
schools ran duck and cover excersizes
1956 interstate act road network was designed for rapid evacuation of cities

69
Q

what was the arms race

A

between 1947 -48
the us holdings of atomic bombs rose from 13 to 50
this became a competition
both the ussr and us stockpiled atomic weapons

70
Q

was the creator of the army beneficial to the economy

A

yes it provided jobs and major customers to businesses

71
Q

what was the impacts of the Cold War on the presidency

A

increase in power of the presidency
increase in size of armed forces
creation of the CIA which re[orted to the president
existence of nuclear weapons

72
Q

whe was the Korean War

A

1950-53

73
Q

how many us troops were involved in the Korean War

A

260,000

74
Q

why did Truman hold back with the media

A

he didn’t want to inflame anti communist feelings

75
Q

why was Truman holding back from the media a problem

A

the media became desperate for news so took information from other sources

76
Q

how did Truman try and gain public support

A

in august 1950 he began television briefings

77
Q

when was the Vietnam war

A

1954-75

78
Q

what was one of the most unpopular policies during the Vietnam war and when did it happen

A

the draft
December 1969

79
Q

what did some young men do to their draft cards

A

burn them in anti war protests this carried a $10,000 fine or five years inprisonment

80
Q

what is the VVAW

A

Vietnam veterans against the war

81
Q

when was the VVAW march

A

1967

82
Q

how many members did the VVAW gain

A

30,000

83
Q

what was the media coverage like during the Vietnam war

A

media coverage was intense
shocking stories were uncovered about the war

84
Q

why did the media help the confidence in the government decline

A

media increasingly saw their job as uncovering government deception

85
Q

why did scandal help confidence in the government decline

A

Watergate scandal led to public confidence rapidly decreasing

86
Q

why did the mishandling of events help decline confidence in the government

A

government mishandling of Vietnam reflected poorly on government

87
Q

why did an increase in the size of the white house cause a decline in the government

A

people no longer went to the president of congress often decisions were made without consulting the president

88
Q

what was the Marshall plan

A

aiding war torn countries to prevent the takeover of communist regimes

History (5 decks)

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