Ch.3: Genectics

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

cells are basic units of life in all living organisms

Question 2

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 2

primitive cells like bacteria and green algea

Question 3

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 3

complex cells, 3 dimensional entity composed by: carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Question 4

A eukaryotic cell contains a variety of structures called…

Answer 4

organelles

Question 5

Where is DNA & RNA located?

Answer 5

Nucleic acids

Question 6

DNA is located in the nucleus as well as what?

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

What are the 2 types of cells?

Answer 7

somatic and gametes

Question 8

What are somatic cells?

Answer 8

cellular components of body tissues (muscle, bone, skin and nerve)

Question 9

What are gametes?

Answer 9

sex cells, specifically involved in reproduction

Question 10

What are the two types of reproduction cells?

Answer 10

egg and sperm

Question 11

What does and egg cell and a sperm cell create?

Answer 11

zygote

Question 12

What does each letter in DNA ?

Answer 12

D-sugars, N-bases, A-phosphates

Question 13

What letters make up the bases?

Answer 13

A,T,C,G

Question 14

List four people who are important when it comes to DNA…

Answer 14

James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin, Maurice Wilkins

Question 15

What is the main concept of DNA?

Answer 15

4 bases as an alphabet, which creates a code…genetic code

Question 16

genetic code…for what?

Answer 16

gives the “recipe” for the structure of proteins

Question 17

Interphase=

Answer 17

chromatin

Question 18

cell division=

Answer 18

chromosomes

Question 19

what is a Karyotype ?

Answer 19

the chromosomal complement of an individual (or species)

Question 20

What is mitosis?

Answer 20

Simple cell division; the process
by which somatic cells divide to
produce two (2) identical daughter
cells

Question 21

What is meiosis ?

Answer 21

Cell division in specialized cells in
ovaries and testes.
Involves two consecutive divisions
and results in four (4) daughter cells,
each containing only half the 
original number of chromosomes

Question 22

phenotype is…

Answer 22

what you can see; expressed

Question 23

genotype is..

Answer 23

all the information, what is expressed and what is not expressed

Question 24

what is Mendelian traits?

Answer 24

Characteristics that are influenced by alleles at

one genetic locus (chromosome region)