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med term > ch2 > Flashcards

ch2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the anterior portion of the body between the thorax and pelvis; contains the stomach, large and small intestines, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, gallbladder?

A

abdomen

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2
Q

What is the combining form for the word “abdomen”?

A

Abdomin/o

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3
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the abdomen”?

A

abdominal

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4
Q

What is the term for the space below the chest containing organs such as liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines?

A

abdominal cavity

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5
Q

What is the term for the abdominal and pelvic cavities as one single unit?

A

abdominopelvic cavity

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6
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to fat”?

A

adipose

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7
Q

What is the term for a collection of fat cells?

A

adipose tissue

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8
Q

What is the combining form for the word “fat cell”?

A

adip/o

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9
Q

What is the term for a fat cell?

A

adipocyte

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10
Q

What is the term for “up” ?

A

ana-

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11
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to casting up; building up substances (proteins) in the cell”?

A

anabolic

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12
Q

What is the term for the building-up process in a cell; proteins are synthesized for use in the body?

A

anabolism

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13
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the front”?

A

anterior

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14
Q

What is the combining form for the word “front”?

A

anter/o

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15
Q

What is the combining form for the words “to cast/throw”?

A

bol/o

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16
Q

What is the term for the flexible connective tissue at joints?

A

cartilage

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17
Q

What is the prefix for the word “down” (not position, but numbers)?

A

Cata-

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18
Q

What is the term for the process of casting down; breaking down material in the cell to release energy?

A

catabolism

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19
Q

What is the term for being closer to the tail than another structure?

A

caudal

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20
Q

What is the term for the basic structural and functional unit of the body?

A

cell

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21
Q

What is the term for the structure that allows materials to pass into and out of the cell?

A

cell membrane

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22
Q

What is the term for being closer to the head than another structure?

A

cephalic

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23
Q

What is the combining form for the word “neck”?

A

cervic/o

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24
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the neck”?

A

cervical

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25
Q

What is the combining form for the word “cartilage“?

A

chondr/o

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26
Q

What is the term for a benign tumor of cartilage?

A

chondroma

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27
Q

What is the term for a malignant tumor of cartilage?

A

chondrosarcoma

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28
Q

What is the term for a rod-shaped nuclear structure?

A

chromosome

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29
Q

What is the term that means “Color bodies”; contain genetic material and are located in the nucleus of cell?

A

chromosomes

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30
Q

What is the combining form for the word “color”?

A

chrom/o

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31
Q

What is the term for the vast network of organs and vessels that are responsible for flow of nutrients, blood hormones, oxygen to and from cells?

A

circulatory system

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32
Q

What is the term for the tailbone?

A

coccyx

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33
Q

What is the term “pertaining to the tailbone”?

A

coccygeal

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34
Q

What is the combining form for the word “coccyx”

A

Coccyg/o

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35
Q

What is the term for the material that provides support and connect organs and other body tissues?

A

connective tissue

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36
Q

What is the combining form of the word skull?

A

crani/o

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37
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the skull”?

A

Cranial

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38
Q

What is the term for the body cavity where the pituitary gland is located?

A

cranial cavity

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39
Q

What is the term for an incision into the skull?

A

craniotomy

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40
Q

What is the term for the material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus; the liquid contents of cells?

A

cytoplasm

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41
Q

What is the term for “away from the surface”?

A

deep

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42
Q

What is the term for the muscular wall separating the abdominal and thoracic activities; lies inferior (caudal) to the organs in the thoracic cavity?

A

diaphragm

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43
Q

What is the term for the group of organs working together to convert food into energy for the body?

A

digestive system

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44
Q

What is the term for the piece of cartilage between backbones?

A

disk

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45
Q

What is the term for being farther away from the heart than another structure?

A

distal

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46
Q

What is the combining form for the word “far”

A

dist/o

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47
Q

What is the term for Deoxyribonucleic acid; genes are composed of this?

A

DNA

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48
Q

What is the term “pertaining to the back of the organ or body”?

A

dorsal (posterior)

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49
Q

What is the combining form for the word “back”?

A

dors/o

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50
Q

What is the suffix that means “pertaining to”?

A

-eal

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51
Q

What is the term for the collection of glands that produce hormones?

A

endocrine system

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52
Q

What is the term for the part of the cell where formation of protein occurs?

A

rough endoplasmic reticulum

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53
Q

What is the prefix that means “above”?

A

epi-

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54
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to above the stomach”?

A

epigastric

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55
Q

What is the term for the region above the stomach?

A

epigastric region

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56
Q

What is the term for the tissue that covers the outside of the body and also lines all the tubes inside the body?

A

Epithelial tissue

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57
Q

What is the term for skin cells?

A

epithelium

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58
Q

What is the plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior)?

A

frontal plane

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59
Q

What is the term for particular regions of DNA within each chromosome?

A

genes

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60
Q

What is the combining form for the word “tissue“?

A

hist/o

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61
Q

What is the term for someone who specializes in the study of tissue?

A

histologist

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62
Q

What is the term for the study of tissues?

A

histology

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63
Q

What is the prefix that means “below”?

A

hypo-

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64
Q

What is the term for the region in the abdomen that is located right under the rib cartilages?

A

hypochondriac region

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65
Q

What is the term for the region below the stomach?

A

hypogastric region

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66
Q

What is the suffix for “pertaining to”?

A

-iac & -ior

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67
Q

What is the prefix that means “between”

A

inter-

68
Q

What is the prefix that means “inside”

A

intra-

69
Q

What is the suffix for “condition”?

A

-ism

70
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the ilium?

A

iliac

71
Q

What is the term for the regions on the left and right sides over the hip bones?

A

iliac regions

72
Q

What is the combining form for the word “ilium”?

A

Ili/o

73
Q

What is the term for being closer to the feet than another structure?

A

Inferior

74
Q

What is the combining form for the word for “groin“?

A

inguin/o

75
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the groin”?

A

inguinal

76
Q

What is the region near the groin?

A

inguinal regions

77
Q

What is the prefix for the word “between“?

A

inter-

78
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to between the vertebrae”?

A

intervertebral

79
Q

What is the term for a photograph of an individual’s chromosomes, in the nucleus?

A

karyotype

80
Q

What is the combining form for the word “nucleus”?

A

Kary/o or nucle/o

81
Q

What is the term for the voicebox?

A

larynx

82
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the side” (away from the midline of the body)?

A

lateral

83
Q

What is the combining form for the word “lateral”?

A

Later/o

84
Q

What is the term for the area encompassing portions of the small and large intestines, left ureter, ovary, uterine tube, and spermatic duct?

A

left lower quadrant (LLQ)

85
Q

What is the term for the area encompassing portions of the small and large intestines, the appendix, right ureter, right ovary, uterine tube, and spermatic duct?

A

right lower quadrant (RLQ)

86
Q

What is the term for the area encompassing the left lobe of the liver, stomach, spleen and parts of the pancreas and large intestines?

A

left upper quadrant (LUQ)

87
Q

What is the term for the area encompassing the right lobe of the liver, gallbladder, parts of the pancreas and portions of the small and large intestines?

A

right upper quadrant (RUQ)

88
Q

What is the term for the region on left and right sides near the inward curve of the spine at the low back?

A

lumbar regions

89
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the low back and tailbone regions”?

A

lumbosacral

90
Q

What is the combining form for the words “lower back”?

A

Lumb/o

91
Q

What is the term for being closer to the midline of the body compared to another structure?

A

medial

92
Q

What is the term for the exact middle of an area?

A

median

93
Q

What is the combining form for the word “middle”?

A

medi/o

94
Q

What is the term for the space in the chest between the lungs which contains the heart?

A

mediastinum (media-STY-num)

95
Q

What is the term for the state of building up or making new substances in a cell?

A

anabolism

96
Q

What is the term for breaking down substances in a cell?

A

catabolism

97
Q

What is the term for the sum of the chemical processes in a cell (anabolism plus catabolism)?

A

metabolism

98
Q

What is the prefix for the word “change”?

A

meta-

99
Q

What is the term for the part of a cell where catabolism primarily occurs; structures in a cell where food is burned to produce energy?

A

mitochondria

100
Q

What is the term for the type of cell that makes up muscle tissue and executes muscle contractions?

A

muscle cell

101
Q

What is the term for the tissue that contains cells with specialized ability to relax and contract?

A

muscle tissue

102
Q

What is the term for the body system that consists of bones, cartilage, muscles, ligaments and tendons that support and binds tissues and organs together?

A

musculoskeletal system

103
Q

What is the term for a nerve cell?

A

neuron

104
Q

What is the term for the tissue that contains cells with specialized ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses?

A

nerve tissue

105
Q

What is the term for the system that is a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord?

A

nervous system

106
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the nucleus”?

A

nucleic

107
Q

What is the term for the central controlling structure in a cell that contains chromosomes with DNA?

A

nucleus

108
Q

What is the combining form for the word “nucleus”?

A

Nucle/o or kary/o

109
Q

What is the suffix for “pertaining to; full of”?

A

-ose

110
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the pelvis” (bones in the region of the hip)?

A

pelvic

111
Q

What is the combining form for the word “pelvis”?

A

pelv/i

112
Q

What is the term for the space formed by the hip bones; contains organs of reproductive and excretory system?

A

pelvic cavity

113
Q

What is the term for the multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within abdominal cavity?

A

peritoneum

114
Q

What is the term for the word “throat“?

A

pharynx

115
Q

What is the term for the secretory organ at the base of the brain?

A

pituitary gland

116
Q

What is the term for the membranes around the lungs?

A

pleura

117
Q

What is the term for the space between the membranes around the lungs?

A

pleural cavity

118
Q

What is the term “pertaining to the back, behind”?

A

posterior (or dorsal)

119
Q

What is the combining form for the word “back”?

A

Poster/o

120
Q

What is the term for lying on one’s stomach?

A

prone

121
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to near the beginning of a structure, or closer to the heart* than another structure”? *NOTE: proximal and distal are generally used for limbs. The lungs are said to be lateral to the heart, not proximal.

A

proximal

122
Q

What is the combining form for the word “proximal”?

A

Proxim/o

123
Q

What is the term for the system that consists of the sex organs necessary to reproduce? Male (sperm) Female (eggs) ?

A

reproductive system

124
Q

What is the term for the system that consists of the airway, lungs and muscles of respiration in order to carry air between the lungs and body’s exterior?

A

respiratory system

125
Q

What is the term for the small round structures that make proteins?

A

ribosomes

126
Q

What is the combining form for the word “sacrum“?

A

sacr/o

127
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the sacrum (tailbone area)”?

A

sacral

128
Q

What is the term for the plane that divides the body into right and left portions?

A

sagittal

129
Q

What is the combining form for the word “flesh“?

A

sarc/o

130
Q

What is the term for a tumor (malignant) of flesh tissue?

A

sarcoma

131
Q

List the 5 special senses organs

A

eyes, ears, tongue, skin and nose

132
Q

What are the purposes of the skin?

A

to help protect the body, form a barrier between the body and outside environment, and serve as the organ for the sense of touch?

133
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the spine, backbone”?

A

spinal

134
Q

What is the combining form for the word “spine”?

A

Spin/o

135
Q

What is the term for the opening in the vertebrae through which the spinal cord runs?

A

spinal canal

136
Q

What is the term for the space located within spinal column; surrounds and protects the spinal cord?

A

spinal cavity

137
Q

What is the term for “towards the surface of the body”

A

superficial

138
Q

What is the term that means “closer to the head than another structure; top or above”?

A

superior (or cephalic)

139
Q

What is the term for lying on the back?

A

supine

140
Q

What is the combining form for the word “nipple”?

A

thel/o

141
Q

What is the combining form for the word “chest“?

A

thorac/o

142
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the chest”?

A

thoracic

143
Q

What is the term for the space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus?

A

thoracic cavity

144
Q

What is the term for incision into the chest?

A

thoracotomy

145
Q

What is the term for the endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck?

A

thyroid gland

146
Q

What is the combining form for the word “windpipe“?

A

trache/o

147
Q

What is the term for the word “windpipe“?

A

trachea

148
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the windpipe”?

A

tracheal

149
Q

What is the plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions?

A

transverse

150
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to the navel”?

A

umbilical

151
Q

What is the term for the central region near the navel?

A

umbilical region

152
Q

What is the combining form for the word “navel”

A

umbilic/o

153
Q

What is the term for the tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder?

A

ureter

154
Q

What is the term for the tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body?

A

urethra

155
Q

What is the body system that contains the kidney, ureters and the urethra that works together to produce, store, and eliminate waste?

A

urinary system

156
Q

What is the term for the hollow, pear shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop; womb

A

uterus

157
Q

What is the term “pertaining to the front, or belly side of the body”?

A

ventral (anterior)

158
Q

What is the combining form for the word “ventral”?

A

ventr/o

159
Q

What is the term for the backbones?

A

vertebra

160
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to vertebrae”?

A

vertebral

161
Q

What is the combining form for the word “vertebrae”?

A

Vertebr/o

162
Q

What is the combining form for the words “internal organs“?

A

viscer/o

163
Q

What is the term for “Internal organs“?

A

viscera (plural); viscus (singular; don’t confuse with viscous)

164
Q

What is the term for “thick, sticky fluid”

A

viscous

165
Q

What is the term for “pertaining to internal organs”?

A

visceral

med term (4 decks)

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