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Med Term > Ch 9 > Flashcards

Ch 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Traps germs that are breathed in; produce antibodies that can help to kill germs and may help to prevent throat and lung infections.

A

Tonsils

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2
Q

Plays essential role in the formation of antibodies and the development of the immune response in the newborn; manufactures infection-fighting T cells can helps distinguish normal T cells from those that attack the body’s own tissues.

A

Thymus

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3
Q

Acts as a filter for blood; recycles old erthrocytes (red blood cells) ; stores platelets and white blood cells; helps fight certain kinds of bacteria, especially those that cause pneumonia and meningitis.

A

Spleen

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4
Q

Vessel system composed of lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic ducts, and lymph nodes that transport lymph from the tissue to the blood.

A

Lymphatic System

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5
Q

Three main functions of the Lymphatic System:

A

1) Transport proteins and fluids, lost by capillary seepage, back to bloodstream
2) Protect the body against pathogens by phagocytosis and immune response
3) Serve as a pathway for the absorption of fats from the small intestine into the blood stream

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6
Q

Fluid consisting of formed elements (erythrocytes, thrombocytes, and leukocytes) and plasma)

A

Blood

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7
Q

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cell)

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8
Q

Responsible for blood clotting

A

Thrombocyte (Platelet)

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9
Q

Provides body’s main defense against invasion of pathogens

A

Leukocyte (White Blood Cell)

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10
Q

Protects against infection, especially by bacteria; is readily attracted to foreign antigens and destroys them by phagocytosis

A

Neutrophil

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11
Q

Engulphing and eating of particulate substances

A

Phagocytosis

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12
Q

Destroys parasitic organisms; plays key role in allergic reactions

A

Eosinophil

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13
Q

Plays a role in releasing histamine and other chemicals that act on blood vessels; essential to nonspecific immune response to inflammation

A

Basophil

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14
Q

Provides one of the first line of defense in the inflammatory process

A

Monocyte

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15
Q

Acts to recognize antigens, produce antibodies, and destroy foreign invaders

A

Lymphocyte

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16
Q

The state of being immune to or protected from a disease, especially an infection disease.

A

Immunity

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17
Q

Defense mechanism of the body

A

Immune System

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18
Q

Acquired through transfer of antibodies or activated T cells from an immune host and is short lived, usually lasting only a few months.

A

Passive Immunity

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19
Q

Induced by the host itself by and antigen and lasts much longer, sometimes lifelong.

A

Active Immunity

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20
Q

Condition in which the erythrocytes are unequal in size and shape

A

Anisocytosis

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21
Q

Protein substance produced in the body in response to an invading foreign substance

A

Antibody

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22
Q

Substance that works against the formation of blood clots; class of medication used in certain patients to prevent blood from clotting.

A

Anticoagulant

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23
Q

Invading foreign substance that induces the formation of antibodies

A

Antigen

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24
Q

Condition in which the body’s immune system becomes defective and produces antibodies against itself.

A

Autoimmune Disease

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25
Q

Process of infusing a patient’s own blood.

A

Autotransfusion

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26
Q

Capable of forming a clot

A

Coagulable

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27
Q

Blood Cell

A

Corpuscle

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28
Q

Excess of creatine in the blood

A

Creatinemia

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29
Q

Particle or mass that travels through the bloodstream. It can lodge in a blood vessel, producing a blockage and causing organ damage. Can be Solid, Liquid, or Gaseous.

A

Embolus

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30
Q

Immature red blood cell that is found only in bone marrow and still contains a nucleus.

A

Erythoblast

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31
Q

Mature red blood cell, does not contain a nucleus

A

Erythocyte

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32
Q

Abnormal condition in which there is an increase in production of red blood cells

A

Erythrocytosis

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33
Q

Formation of red blood cells

A

Erythropiesis

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34
Q

Hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells

A

Erythropoietin

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35
Q

Process by which fluids and/or intravenous (IV) medications can escape from the blood vessel into surrounding tissue.

A

Extravasation

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36
Q

Insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen by the action of the thrombin in the blood-clotting process

A

Fibrin

37
Q

Blood protein converted to fibrin by the action of thrombin in the blood-clotting process

A

Fibrinogen

38
Q

Plasma protein found in body fluids and cells

A

Globulin

39
Q

Granular leukocyte

A

Granulocyte

40
Q

Physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of blood diseases

A

Hematologist

41
Q

Study of blood

A

Hematology

42
Q

Collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissues

A

Hematoma

43
Q

Genetic condition in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues

A

Hemochromatosis

44
Q

A protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs in the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs

A

Hemoglobin

45
Q

Destruction of red blood cells

A

Hemolysis

46
Q

Hereditary blood condition characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed

A

Hemophilia

47
Q

Bursting forth of blood

A

Hemorrhage

48
Q

Control or stopping of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

49
Q

Natural substance found in the liver, lungs, and other body tissues that inhibits blood clotting.

A

Heparin

50
Q

Pathological condition of excessive amounts of calcium in the blood

A

Hypercalcemia

51
Q

Pathological condition of excessive amounts of sugar in the blood

A

Hyperglycemia

52
Q

Pathological condition of excessive amounts of lipids (fat) in the blood

A

Hyperlipidemia

53
Q

Condition of deficient amounts of sugar in the blood; low blood sugar

A

Hypoglycemia

54
Q

Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood, cells, and tissues

A

Hypoxia

55
Q

Blood protein capable of acting as an antibody

A

Immunoglobulin

56
Q

Malignant neoplasm that causes violaceous vascular lesions and general lymphadenopathy; most common AIDS- related tumor

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

57
Q

Separation of white blood cells from the blood, which is then transfused back into the patient

A

Leukapheresis

58
Q

Cancer of the white blood cells. The bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells and these cells crowd out healthy blood cells making it difficult for blood to do its work.

A

Leukemia

59
Q

Abnormal decrease of white blood cells; literally means lack of white blood cells

A

Leukocytopenia

60
Q

Inflammation of the lymph glands

A

Lymphadenitis

61
Q

Abnormal accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces

A

Lymphedema

62
Q

Lymphoid neoplasm, usually malignant

A

Lymphoma

63
Q

Control or stopping of the flow of lymph

A

Lymphostasis

64
Q

Condition in which erythrocytes are larger than normal

A

Macrocyrosis

65
Q

Infectious disease, often called mono or kissing disease, that occurs most often in teens and young adults. Caused by Epstein-Barr virus and spread through saliva

A

Mononucleosis

66
Q

An infection that occurs more frequently or is more severe in people with weakened immune systems than people with healthy immune systems.

A

Opportunistic Infection

67
Q

Lack of the cellular elements of the blood

A

Pancytopenia

68
Q

Engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as bacteria, protozoa, cells and cell debris, dust particles, and colloids by phagocytes

A

Phagocytosis

69
Q

Removal of blood from the body and centrifuging it to separate the plasma from the blood and infusing the cellular elements back into the patient

A

Plasmapheresis

70
Q

Pneumonia resulting from infection with Pneuymoncystis jiroveci`

A

Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PJP)

71
Q

Increased number of red blood cells

A

Polycythemia

72
Q

Chemical substance that interacts with calcium salts to produce thrombin

A

Prothrombin

73
Q

Red blood cell containing a network of granules; the last immature state of a red blood cell

A

Reticulocyte

74
Q

Virus that contains a unique enzyme called reverse transcriptase that allows it to replicate within new host cells

A

Retrovirus

75
Q

Pathological condition in which bacteria are present in the blood (aka sepsis)

A

Septicemia

76
Q

Blood serum is the clear thin and sticky fluid part of the blood that remains after blood clots.

A

Serum

77
Q

Lack of iron in the blood

A

Sideropenia

78
Q

Abnormal enlargement of the spleen

A

Splenomegaly

79
Q

A bone marrow cell that gives rise to different types of blood cells

A

Stem Cell

80
Q

Hereditary anemia occurring in populations bordering the Mediterranean Sea and in Southeast Asia. Blood disorder in which the body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin.

A

Thalassemia

81
Q

Surgical excision of a blood clot

A

Thrombectomy

82
Q

Blood enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin

A

Thrombin

83
Q

Essential factor in the production of thrombin and blood clotting

A

Thromboplastin

84
Q

Formation, development, or existence of a blood clot within the vascular system.

A

Thrombosis

85
Q

Tumor of the thymus

A

Thymoma

86
Q

Surgical excision of the tonsils

A

Tonsillectomy

87
Q

Process by which blood is transferred from one individual to the vein of a reciepient

A

Transfusion

88
Q

Inflammation of the blood vessels that can affect arteries, veins, and capillaries

A

Vasculitis

Med Term (20 decks)

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