Ch 7 - Diffusion, Osmosis & The Functional Significance Of biological Membranes

Question 1

What is a solvent?

Answer 1

What is being dissolved in

Question 2

What is a solute?

Answer 2

The substances dissolved in the solvent

Question 3

What is the solvent most important in life processes?

Answer 3

Water

Question 4

What is a solution?

Answer 4

The combination of a solvent and dissolved solute

Question 5

What does selectively permeable mean?

Answer 5

Only allowing some substances to move across the membrane easily while completely or partially excluding others

Question 6

What are cell membranes made of?

Answer 6

Phospholipid bilayer with different kinds of embedded and surface proteins

Question 7

What is diffusion?

Answer 7

The movement of solute molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration

Question 8

What is osmosis?

Answer 8

The movement of water molecules across selectively permeable membranes (from lower concentration to higher concentration)

Question 9

What is concentration gradient?

Answer 9

The difference in concentration of like molecules between two regions

Question 10

What is equilibrium?

Answer 10

An equal distribution of the concentration of solvents and solutes

Question 11

True or false: diffusion requires energy

Answer 11

False

Question 12

True or false: osmosis requires energy

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is tonicity?

Answer 13

Describes one solution’s solute concentration compared with that of another solution

Question 14

What does hypotonic mean?

Answer 14

A solution concentration that is lower than the other

Question 15

What does hypertonic mean?

Answer 15

A solution has greater concentration compared to another

Question 16

What does isotonic mean?

Answer 16

The solutions has an equal concentration compared to the other solution

Question 17

When does osmosis occur?

Answer 17

When different concentrations of water are separated by a selectively permeable membrane

Question 18

What does hemolyzed mean?

Answer 18

A blood cell that has burst due to excessive pressure pushing against the membrane

Question 19

What does plasmolyzed mean?

Answer 19

The cell is shrinking in size because water is moving out of the cell (process of plasmolysis)

Question 20

What is cholera?

Answer 20

A disease caused by the infection of the small intestine with the bacterium Vibrio Cholerae often cause by contaminated drinking water

Question 21

What toxin does Cholera secret into the small intestine?

Answer 21

Chloride (Cl)

Question 22

What happens when chloride is secreted into the small intestine?

Answer 22

Osmosis causing water to move from tissues into the lumen, producing large volumes of watery diarrhea.