Ch 7- Circulatory system Flashcards
Blood flow through the heart
superior/inferior vena cava/coronary sinus> right atrium> tricuspid valve> right ventricle> pulmonary valve> pulmonary arteries> lungs> pulmonary veins> left atrium> bicuspid valve> left ventricle> aortic valve> aorta> body
Brachiocephalic trunk
- major supply to the right side of the body
- breaks into the right subclavian artery (blood supply to right upper extremity, left subclavian artery does same for left upper extremity)
- also has a branch for the right common carotid artery (supplies blood to brain, as does the left common carotid)
External iliac artery branch
comes down to the lower extremity
Heart sounds: lub-dub
- Lub
- Dub
- atrioventricle valve closes in both the right and left atrium
- pulmonary and aortic valves (or semilunar valves) closing
capillaries
where arteries and veins come together
Cardiovascular system
Pulmonary circuit to systemic circuit (blood is oxygenated within the lungs) and back around
Pulmonary circuit
transports O2 DEPLETED blood FROM body through right side of heart TO lungs via pulmonary arteries (blue), where CO2 is exchanged for O2 BEFORE going to left side of heart (when it turns red)
Sytemic circuit
Loops through left side of heart out TO the body to capillaries where O2 blood is exchanged for deoxygenated blood, which returns via veins to the heart
Veins
Arteries
- return blood to heart
- deliver blood away from heart to body
Lymphatic system
- returns protein and water from interstitial to the cardiovascular system
- absorbs protein, fat, and fat-soluble vitamins through the intestinal lymph vessels
- recognizes and responds to foreign cells, microbes and cancer cells (immune support)
- thoracic duct (largest duct) drains entire left side and both lower extremities
- right lymphatic duct drains right upper extremity and head and neck
Hemorrhage
Cerebral hemorrhage
occurs when a break in a blood vessel allows blood to leak out of a closed system
occurs within the confines of the skull
atherosclerosis
type of arteriosclerosis, fatty deposits in the artery wall cause narrowing or blockage of the vessel
lymphedema
accumulation of excess lymph and swelling, commonly involves arms or legs
thrombosis
formation of a blood clot that may partially or totally block a blood vessel
congestive heart failure
heart can’t pump strongly enough to push an adequate supply of blood out to the various parts of the body, blood from heart slows, blood returning to heart backs up, causing congestion in the body’s tissues, often results in edema
