Ch. 6 - Biology Flashcards
In a DNA macromolecule, the sequence of __________ determines the characteristics of every living thing.
Nitrogenous bases
Where does protein synthesis occur in the human cell?
In the ribosomes
DNA regulates cellular activity indirectly by reproducing itself in the form of ______ to carry genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes located in the cytoplasm.
Messenger RNA
Whis of the following is a process of reduction cell division?
Meiosis
Interphase consists of:
G1, S, and G2
Radiation-induced chromosome damage can be evaluated during…
Metaphase
Antibodies are produced by the…
Lymphocytes
What is considered the building block in the synthesizing of proteins?
Amino Acids
The small segments of the DNA molecule that determines the characteristics of each cell are called…
Genes
Where would the majority of RNA molecules be found in a human cell?
The nucleoulus
An alteration in the sequence of bases in a DNA molecule will result in…
A mutation
How many matched pairs of chromosomes does a human somatic cell contain?
23
What is the name of the stage of cell division that is commonly referred to as the resting stage?
Interphase
Where do the metabolic functions of a cell take place?
Cytoplasm
Which of the following is a type of damage that can occur to a DNA molecule when exposed to radiation?
- Change in the genetic code
- Breakage of the chromosome
- Breakage of the DNA molecule
All of the choices.
What described the shape of a DNA molecule?
Double helix
Which of the following is not a stage of somatic cell division?
a. ) Prophase
b. ) Metaphase
c. ) Nanophase
d. ) Telophase
c.) Nanophase
What do the letters “DNA” stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
The information that cells require for metabolism is coded in what?
RNA molecules
Which of the following are the two bases that are the building blocks of both types of nucleic acids?
a. ) Purines and pyrimidines
b. ) Adenine and thymine
c. ) Adenine and guanine
d. ) Ribose and deoxyribose
a.) Purines and Pyrimidines
What pyrimidine will always pair with the purine adenine?
Thymine
What is the process of cell division of the reproductive (genetic) cells called?
Meiosis
During mitosis, each chromosome splits in half. What are the two halves called?
Chromatids
A chromosome that has been damaged by radiation may cause which of the following?
- A mutation
- Cell death
- Sterilization
All of the choices
What is the process of cell division of somatic cells called?
Mitosis
