Ch. 4 Urinary and reproductive

Question 1

Signs and symptoms of painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea)

Answer 1

• cramping pain in the lower abdomen and lower back

- nausea and vomiting

Question 2

treatment principles for painful menstruation

Answer 2

• Ben and Jerrys
• administer analgesics (NSAIDS are often recommended)
• Mild exercise
• Rest and heat packs

Question 3

sign and symptoms of Pain on Ovulation

Answer 3

• one-sided pain the lower abdomen
• occurs midway through menstrual cycle
• may be accompanied by nausea
• possible vaginal spotting

Question 4

treatment principles for painful ovulation

Answer 4

• administer analgesics (NSAIDS are often recommended)

Question 5

what is ectopic pregnancy

Answer 5

• a pregnancy that develops outside of the uterus, commonly in the uterine tube.

Question 6

signs and symptoms of Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 6

• signs and symptoms of pregnancy
• abdominal pain
• vaginal spotting or bleeding
• fainting
• signs and symptoms of shock

Question 7

Signs and symptoms of pregnancy

Answer 7

• history of heterosexual intercourse
• absence of period
• fatigue
• breast tenderness
• polyuria
• nausea and vomiting

Question 8

treatment principles of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 8

• monitor and treat for shock

- immediate evac

Question 9

what is vaginitis?

Answer 9

an inflammation of the vagina, commonly caused by fungus or bacteria.

Question 10

sign and symptoms vaginitis

Answer 10

• vaginal itching
• redness of the vaginal area
• increase in vaginal discharge

Question 11

treatment principles for vaginitis

Answer 11

• wash area thoroughly
• air dry
• consider antifungals (monostat or diflucan)
• evacuate if the patient does not respond to treatment

Question 12

what is a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Answer 12

a bacterial infection in the urinary tract

Question 13

signs and symptoms of a UTI

Answer 13

• increased frequency of urination
• burning and pain during urination
• fatigue
• blood in urine
• fever

Question 14

treatment principles for UTI

Answer 14

• hydration
• consider urinary tract analgesics
• consider antibiotics
• rest
• evaluate if the patient does not respond to treatment or develops tenderness over the kidney region

Question 15

How to prevent vaginitis and UTI

Answer 15

• maintain adequate hydration
• wash the vaginal and perianal daily
• air dry the vaginal area regularly
• avoid wiping fecal matter towards the vaginal opening

Question 16

what is testicular torsion

Answer 16

a twisting of the spermatic cord causing an interruption of blood supply to the testicle

Question 17

signs and symptoms of testicular torsion

Answer 17

• pain and sudden onset

- redness and swelling of the testicles and scrotum

Question 18

What is epididymitis ?

Answer 18

an inflammation of the epididymus (sperm tube on back of testicle), typically caused by an STD or bacteria

Question 19

signs and symptoms of epididymitis

Answer 19

• pain, typically gradual onset
• redness and swelling of the testicles and scrotum
• fatigue
• fever

Question 20

treatment principles for epididymitus and testicular torsion

Answer 20

• consider pain medication as needed. NSAIDS are often recommended
• apply cool compress
• elevate/support testicles
• consider antibiotics
• consider self-rotation of suspected testicular torsion. Rotate Laterally

Question 21

evacuation guidelines

Answer 21

Evacuate:

• any signs of pain and pregnancy
• a person in a wilderness setting suspecting pregnancy should consider evacuating
• any patient with a UTI or vaginitis that does not respond to treatment
• evacuate any patient with persistent testicular pain
• rapidly evac any patient with suspected testicular torsion

Question 22

What is an inguinal (In-gwin-al) hernia

Answer 22

a protrusion of a portion of the intestine into the groin or scrotum

Question 23

signs and symptoms of an inguinal hernia (in-gwin-al)

Answer 23

• lump or swelling in the groin or scrotum

- sharp, steady pain

Question 24

treatment principles for an inguinal hernia (In-gwin-al)

Answer 24

• attempt reduction of hernia

- evacuate if unable to reduce or if hernia reappears after reduction