Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > CH. 4 Tissues > Flashcards

CH. 4 Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 types of basic tissues?

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Connective Tissue
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epithelium

A

Basic Tissue -
Forms lining of surfaces and is derived from any of the 3 germ layers
covers surfaces
lines insides of organs and body cavities
and sacs
ex: epidermous - lining of skin
lining of subes, sacs, and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Extensive extra cellular matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Muscle

A

Neuron & support cells

Sensory, motor, integration - putting it together to “function”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Epithelium - Lining (list)

A

Sheets
Tubes
Sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Epithelium - Lining Sheets

A

Surface of skin (epidermis) and Ventral Body cavities (mesothelium = serous membranes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Epithelium - Lining Tubes

A

Inner lining of tubular structures.

Blood vessels, gut, ducks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Epithelium - lining Sacs

A

Alveoli in lungs

Glandular alveoli - secretory units (bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Epithelium - Features (List)

A
  1. polarity
  2. apical surfaces
  3. junctions
  4. secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Epithelium - Features Polarity

A

2 ends doing different things.
apical region
basal region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Apical region

A

near lumen

TOP OF TISSUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

basal region

A

BOTTOM
like felt. fibouras material.
near basal lamina (basement membrane)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epithelium - Features Apical surfaces (list)

A
  1. Cilia
  2. microvilli
  3. ridges or folds
  4. secretory features
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cilia

A

Epithelium - Features Apical surfaces

9+2 arrangement of microtubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Microvilli

A

Epithelium - Features Apical surfaces

  • Finger like projections
  • Non moveable (just adding surface area)
  • Absorbing functions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ridges or folds

A

Epithelium - Features Apical surfaces

Folds on surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

secretory features

A

Epithelium - Features Apical surfaces
exocytosis
Secretion occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epithelium - Features - Junctions (&list)

A

Specialized contacts on lateral surfaces; where epithelial cells are joined together.

  1. Desmosomes
  2. Tight junctions
  3. Gap junctions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Desmosomes

A

Like a button between adjacent epithelial cells

Adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tight Junctions

A

Encircles epithelial cells near their apical surfaces and completely attaches each cell to its neighbor; cells almost fust together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gap junctions

A

Formed across the intercellular gap between neighboring cells
provide a direct passageway for small molecules travelling between neighboring cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Epithelium - Features - Secretion (list)

A
  1. Apocrine
  2. Merocrine
  3. Holocrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Apocrine

A

Accumulate secretory products within the apical region of their cytoplasm
Mammary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Merocrine

A

Package secretions in structures called secretory vesicles
Salvary and sweat glands
Exocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Holocrine

A 
Accumulate a product and then the entire cell disintegrates;
Cell fragments and then break apart; 
sebaceous glands (oil)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Epithelium - Features - Types (2 ways to differentiate)

A
  1. Shapes

2. Layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Epithelium - Features - Shapes

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Epithelium - Features - Layers

A
  1. Simple
  2. Stratified
  3. Pseudostratified
  4. Transitional
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Epithelium - Features - Layers - SIMPLE

A

One layer of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Epithelium - Features - Layers - STRATIFIED

A

2 or more layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Epithelium - Features - Layers Pseudostratifiied

A

All layers touch the basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Lumen

A

hallow cavity by the apical region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

basal lamina

A

Basement membrane

Touches the basal region and is a fine, fibrous material

34
Q

Epithelium - Features - Layers TRANSITIONAL

A

One type to another type;

Classify the cell shape based on the apical layer of cells

35
Q

Connective Tissue

A

extensive extracellular matrix; protects, binds together, and supports organs; derived from ONLY MESODERM

36
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Moves by contraction
Facilitates movement of skeleton or organ walls
Derived only from the mesoderm

37
Q

Nervous Tissue

A 
3 functions
1. Sensory
2. Motor
3. Integration
Neurons control activities and process information
Glial cells support and protect neurons
Derived only from the ectoderm
38
Q

Connective Tissue Makeup

A

Matrix;

Fluid (blood), Fibers (most, not blood), solid (some)

39
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid in blood
Connective Tissue Matrix
MESODERM ONLY

40
Q

lymph

A

All other fluids in other connective tissue

MESODERM ONLY

41
Q

Collagen

A

Tensile strength
Resists pulling forces
Fibers in connective tissue
MESODERM ONLY

42
Q

Reticular

A

subcatecogry of collagen
Provides shape to soft tissue
MESODERM ONLY

43
Q

Elastic

A

Elastin
Resilience = rubber band like
MESODERM ONLY

44
Q

Solid connective tissue

A

Some have solid/ semi fluid materials

Cartilage or bone

45
Q

Cartilage

A

Chondroitin sulfate

MESODERM ONLY

46
Q

Bone connective tissue

A

hydroxyapatite is a mineral

MESODERM ONLY

47
Q

Connective Tissue Types

A
  1. Blood
  2. Loose connective Tissue
  3. Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue
  4. Cartilage
  5. Bone
48
Q

Blood

A 
Matrix = plasma
Primarily fluid (protein rich)
49
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

50
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells

51
Q

Granulocytes

A

granules in cytoplasm (staining abilities)

52
Q

Eosinophils

A

Stain with eosin

53
Q

Basophils

A

stain with basic

Least abundant

54
Q

Neutrophils

A

Barely stain

Most abundant

55
Q

Agranulocytes

A

No granules

56
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Immune response involvements and regulation

57
Q

Monocytes

A

Macrophages

Engulf debris by phagocytosis

58
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Platelets

Involved in blood clotting

59
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Loose arrangments of fibers in a watery matrix

60
Q

Areolar

A

Just fibers and cells

61
Q

Adipose

A

Fat cells mixed in with fibers (fat)

62
Q

Reticular

A

Main fiber is reticular fibers

63
Q

Dense Fibourous Connective Tissue

A

densely packed

Large course fibers packed together

64
Q

Dense Fibourous Connective Tissue - Irregular

A

Ex. Dermis of skin

65
Q

Dense Fibourous Connective Tissue - Regular

A

Parallel arrangmenet

Ligaments and tendons

66
Q

Dense Fibourous Connective Tissue - Elastic

A

Nucla ligament = supports the heat

67
Q

Cartilage

A

Made up of chondroitin sulfate

68
Q

Hyaline

A

Cartilage
Very fine fibers in a matrix of chondroitin sulfate
Most common
Articular cartilage in some joints

69
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Dense collagen fibers form a cushion;

Interverterbral discs

70
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Very flexible; elastic fibers; ear cartilage

71
Q

Bone

A

Solid Mineral matrix
1/3 collagen
2/3 hydroxyapatite (makes very strong bone)

72
Q

Compact Bone

A

Dense

73
Q

Spony Bone

A

Cancellous

Small microscopic plates

74
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Moves by contraction due to actin and myosin filaments

75
Q

Muscle Tissue movement

A

Interaction of actin and myosin filaments

76
Q

Muscle Tissue - Smooth

A 
spindle shaped cells
Around blood vessels and veins
Autonomic control
Irregularly arranged
ex: muscle layer in digestive tract
77
Q

Muscle Tissue - Cardiac

A 
Heart
Branching cells joined by intercalcated discs
Striation (striped) 
Cardiac Muscle - muscle layer in heart 
uniform rhythm
78
Q

Muscle Tissue - Skeletal

A 
Striation (striped) 
Volunary muscle (we have control)
Elongated
Nucleus located on the periphery of cell
Skeletal muscle ex: attached to bones
79
Q

Nervous Tissue Functions

A

Sensory
Motor
Integrative

80
Q

Neuron

A 
Nerve impulse
Action potential (brain and spinal cord)
81
Q

Glial Cells

A

Neurologial cells or supporting cells

Anatomy (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions