Ch 4 hardware Flashcards
what is the CPU and where is it housed
central processing unit (the brain) and is on the motherboard
what are the 2 parts of the CPU
the arithmetic logic unit ALU
the control unit
the arithmetic logic unit performs
arithmetic and logic calculations
AND OR NOT
the control unit manages the
movement of data thought the CPU
together what are the 3 main functions they perform
performing calculations ALU
executing program instructions BOTH
making decisions CU
what does CPU utilize to process commands
instruction cycle or machine cycle
what is the order of the instruction cycle
fetch
decode
execute
store
when an instruction is retrieved for the main memory it is
fetching
when the control unit translates the instruction into a comp command it is
decoding
what process the execute command
ALU
when the results are written back to memory they are
storing
what is the speed at which the processor executes the cycle
clock speed
gigahertz is how many cycles per second
billons
clock speed is measured in
gigahertz
modern supercomps speeds are measured in
FLOPS - floating point operations per second
the fastest supercomps are measured in
petaflops
multicore processors consists of how many processors
2 or more
multicore processors are integrated on how many chips
1
what is the main difference between multicore processors and single corre
faster processing speed
reduced energy consumpution
what is a GPU
graphics processing unit like a video card
what reduces the processing required of the systems CPU for graphics intensive processes
GPU
what is an anonymous, digital, and encrypted currency
bitcoin
what distributes processing across multiple processors
parallel processing
what enables a single CPU to appear as 2 logical processors
hyper threading
what is the method used by a single processor to improve performance
pipelining
what is installed above the processor to dissipate heat
heat sink
what is the case that encloses and protects a comps internal components
system unit
are peripheral devices external or integrated
both
what are components that serve the input, output, and storage functions
peripheral devices
what provides a drive interface, which connects disk drives to the processor
drive controller
where is the drive controller located
the motherboard
what is the standard internal drive interface
SATA - serial advanced technology attachment
what did SATA replace
EIDE - enhanced integrated drive electronics
where does expansion cards or adapter cards plug in at
directly into expansion slots on the motherboard
what enables you to connect additional peripheral devices to a comp
expansion cards or adapter cards
what flows information between the components of a comp over wires on the motherboards
data buses
what are hot swappable and can be plugged in and unplugged without turning comp off
USB - universal serial bus
which is a legacy port that was released by apple in 1995
FireWire or IEEE1394
how many devices can firewire connect per port
63
FireWire is primarily used to connect
digital video cameras
what carries both PCIe and video signals on the same cable
thunderbolt
how many devices can thunderbolt connect up to
6
what is a temp storage used by the comp to hold instructions and data
memory