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Med Term > Ch 4 > Flashcards

Ch 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands and the hair follicles; pimples.

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2
Q

Acrochordon

A

Small outgrowth of epidermal and dermal tissue; skin tags.

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3
Q

Actinic Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to radiant energy, such as x-rays, ultraviolet light, and sunlight.

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4
Q

Albinism

A

Genetic condition in which there is partial or total absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes.

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5
Q

Alopecia

A

Absence or loss of hair, especially of the head; baldness; alopecia areata is loss of hair in defined patches usually involving the scalp.

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6
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Abnormal condition in which there is a lack of or complete absence of sweating. May be congenital or disease related, generalized or localized, temporary or permanent.

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7
Q

Autograft

A

Graft taken from one part of the patient’s body and transferred to another part of that same patient.

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8
Q

Avulsion

A

Process of forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as a finger or toe.

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9
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Epithelial Malignant tumor of the skin that rarely metastasizes. It usually begins as a small, shiny papule and enlarges to form a whitish border around a central depression.

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10
Q

Bite

A

Injury in which a part of the skin is torn by an insect, animal, or human, resulting in a combination of an abrasion, puncture, or laceration.

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11
Q

Bulla

A

Large blister; bleb.

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12
Q

Burn

A

Injury to tissue caused by heat, fire, chemical agents, electricity, lightning, or radiation; classified according to degree or depth of skin damage. The three classifications are first, second, and third degree.

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13
Q

Candidiasis

A

Infection of the skin or mucous membranes with any species of candida but chiefly candida albicans. Candida is a genus of yeasts.

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14
Q

Carbuncle

A

Infection of the subcutaneous tissue, usually composed of a cluster of boils.

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15
Q

Causalgia

A

Intense burning pain associated with trophic skin changes such as thinning of hair and loss of sweat glands due to peripheral nerve damage.

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16
Q

Cellulitis

A

An acute, diffuse inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling.

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17
Q

Cicatrix

A

Scar left after the healing of a wound.

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18
Q

Comedo

A

Blackhead

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19
Q

Corn

A

Thickening of the skin that may be soft or hard depending on location; caused by local pressure, friction, or both that irritates tissue over a bony prominence, such as from ill fitting shoes.

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20
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Technique of using subfreezing temperature (usually with liquid nitrogen) to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury and destruction.

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21
Q

Cutaneous

A

Pertaining to the skin.

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22
Q

Cyst

A

Closed sac that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material.

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23
Q

Debridement

A

Removal or foreign material or damaged or dead tissue, especially in a wound. It is used to promote healing and to prevent infection.

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24
Q

Decubitus (decub) Ulcer

A

An area of skin and tissue that becomes injured or broken down. Also known as a bedsore or pressure ulcer. The literal meaning of the word decubitus is a lying down.

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25
Q

Dehiscence

A

Surgical complication where there is separation or bursting open of a surgical wound.

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26
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Skin resurfacing procedure to remove acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles by using a rapidly rotating device to sand the outer layers of skin.

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27
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin.

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28
Q

Dermatologist

A

Physician who specializes in the study of the skin.

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29
Q

Dermatology (Derm)

A

Study of the skin.

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30
Q

Dermatome

A

Surgical instrument used to produce thin slices of skin.

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31
Q

Dermomycosis

A

Skin condition caused by a fungus; also called dermatomycosis or tinea.

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32
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Abnormal condition in which the blood seeps into the skin causing discolorations ranging from blue-black to greenish yellow; bruise.

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33
Q

Eczema

A

An acute or chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, or scabs alone or in combination. The most promising treatment involves nonsteroidal skin medications classified as topical immunomodulators (TIMs) or topical calcineurin (a protein phosphatase) inhibitor.

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34
Q

Erythema

A

Redness of the skin; may be caused by capillary congestion, inflammation, heat, sunlight, or cold temperature. Known as Fifth’s disease, a mild, moderately contagious disease caused by the human parvovirus B-19.

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35
Q

Erythroderma

A

Abnormal redness of the skin occurring over widespread areas of the body.

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36
Q

Eschar

A

Slough, scab.

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37
Q

Excoriation

A

Abrasion of the epidermis by scratching, trauma, chemicals, or burns.

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38
Q

Exudate

A

An oozing of pus or serum.

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39
Q

Folliculitis

A

Inflammation of a follicle or follicles.

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40
Q

Gangrene

A

Literally means an eating sore. It is an necrosis, or death, of tissue or bone that usually results from a deficient or absent blood supply to the area.

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41
Q

Herpes Simplex

A

An inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpes virus (type 1); cold sore or fever blister.

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42
Q

Hidradenitis

A

Inflammation of the sweat glands.

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43
Q

Hives

A

Eruption of itching and burning swellings on the skin; urticaria.

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44
Q

Hyperhidrosis

A

Abnormal condition of excessive sweating.

45
Q

Hypodermic

A

Pertaining to under the skin or inserted under the skin, as a hypodermic injection.

46
Q

Hypohidrosis

A

Abnormal condition of the inability to sweat; also called anhidrosis.

47
Q

Icteric

A

Pertaining to jaundice.

48
Q

Impetigo

A

Skin infection marked by vesicles or bullae; usually caused by streptococcus (strep) or staphylococcus (staph).

49
Q

Integumentary

A

Covering; the skin, consisting of the dermis and the epidermis.

50
Q

Intradermal

A

Pertaining to within the skin, as in an intradermal injection.

51
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow; a symptom of a disease in which there is excessive bile in the blood; the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes are yellow; icterus.

52
Q

Keloid

A

Overgrowth of scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation.

53
Q

Lentigo

A

A flat, brownish spot on the skin sometimes caused by exposure to the sun and weather.

54
Q

Leukoderma

A

Localized loss of pigmentation of the skin.

55
Q

Leukoplakia

A

White spots or patches formed on the mucous membrane of the tongue or cheek; the spots are smooth, hard, and irregular in shape and can become malignant.

56
Q

Lupus

A

Originally used to describe a destructive type of skin lesion; current usage of the word is usually in combination with the words vulgaris or erythematosus.

57
Q

Measles

A

High contagious illness caused by the rubeola virus, which replicates in the nose and throat of an infected child or adult.

58
Q

Melanoma

A

Cancer that develops in the pigment cells of the skin; malignant black mole or tumor. Often the first sign of melanoma is change in the size, shape, or color of a mole. To describe the changes that can occur in a mole, use the ABCDEs Rule.

59
Q

ABCDEs Rule

A

A - Asymmetry: one half of the mole does not match the other; irregularity.
B - Border: edges are ragged, notched, or blurred.
C - Color: not uniform; shades of black, brown, or tan are present and areas of white, red, or blue may be seen.
D - Diameter: greater than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser)
E - Evolving: size, shape, or color may change.

60
Q

Miliaria

A

Rash with tiny pinhead-sized papules, vesicles, and/or pustules commonly seen in newborns and infants; prickly heat. It is caused by excessive body warmth. There is retention of sweat in the sweat glands, which have become blocked or inflamed, and then rupture or leak into the skin.

61
Q

Mole

A

Pigmented, elevated spot about the surface of the skin; nevus.

62
Q

Onychia

A

Inflammation of the nail bed resulting in the loss of nail.

63
Q

Onychomycosis

A

A fungal infection of the nails.

64
Q

Pachyderma

A

Thick skin; also called pachydermia.

65
Q

Panniculectomy

A

Surgical excision of fat cells in the superficial fascia; a body-contouring surgical procedure that removes hanging fat and skin, typically after massive weight loss; may be performed as a standalone procedure or combined with a tummy tuck.

66
Q

Paronychia

A

Infectious condition of the marginal structures surrounding the nail.

67
Q

Pediculosis

A

Condition of infestation with lice.

68
Q

Petechiae

A

Small, pinpoint, purplish hemorrhagic spots on the skin.

69
Q

Prutitus

A

Severe itching.

70
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic skin condition characterized by frequent episodes of redness, itching, and thick, dry scales on the skin.

71
Q

Purpura

A

Purplish discoloration of the skin caused by extravasation of blood into the tissues.

72
Q

Rhytidoplasty

A

Plastic surgery for the removal of wrinkles.

73
Q

Rosacea

A

A chronic disease of the skin of the face marked by varying degrees of papules, pustules, erythema, telangiectasia, and hyperplasia of the soft tissues of the nose; usually occurs in middle-aged and older people.

74
Q

Roseola

A

Any rose-colored rash marked by maculae or red spots on the skin.

75
Q

Rubella

A

Contagious viral infection best known by its distinctive red rash; also called German measles and three-day measles.

76
Q

Scabies

A

Contagious skin disease characterized by papules, vesicles, pustules, burrows, and intense itching; it is caused by an arachnid, Sarcoptes Cabiei, variety hominis, the itch mite.

77
Q

Scar

A

Mark left by the healing process of a wound, sore, or injury.

78
Q

Scleroderma

A

Chronic condition with hardening of the skin and other connective tissues of the body.

79
Q

Seborrhea

A

Excessive flow (secretion) of oil from the sebaceous glands.

80
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis

A

Condition occurring in older people wherein there is dry skin and localized scaling caused by excessive exposure to the sun. It usually appears as a brown, black, or light tan growth on the face, chest, shoulders, or back and has a waxy, scaly, slightly elevated appearance.

81
Q

Sebum

A

Fatty or oily secretion produced by the sebaceous glands.

82
Q

Skin Signs

A

Objective evidence of an illness or disorder. They can be seen, measured, or felt.

83
Q

Macule

A

Discolored spot on the skin; freckle.

84
Q

Pustule

A

A small, elevated, circumscribed lesion of the skin that is filled with pus; varicella (chickenpox)

85
Q

Wheal

A

A localized, evanescent elevation of the skin that is often accompanied by itching; urticaria.

86
Q

Erosion

A

Erosion or ulcer is an eating or gnawing away of tissue; decubitus ulcer.

87
Q

Papule

A

A solid circumscribed, elevated area on the skin; pimple.

88
Q

Fissure

A

A crack like sore or slit that extends through the epidermis into the dermis.

89
Q

Vesicle

A

A small fluid-filled sac; blister.

90
Q

Bulla

A

A large vesicle.

91
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor of squamous epithelial tissue.

92
Q

Striae

A

Streaks or lines on the breasts, thighs, abdomen, or buttocks caused by weakening of elastic tissue; can be caused by obesity or as a result of pregnancy.

93
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Pertaining to below the skin, as a subcutaneous injection.

94
Q

Subungual

A

Pertaining to below the nail.

95
Q

Taut

A

Tight, firm; to pull or draw tight a surface, such as the skin.

96
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Small dilated blood vessels that appear as small red or purple clusters, ofter spidery in appearance, and are visible near the surface of the skin; also called spider veins.

97
Q

Thermoanesthesia

A

Inability to distinguish between the sensations of hot and cold.

98
Q

Tinea

A

Contagious skin diseases affecting both humans and domestic animals, caused by certain fungi and marked by localized appearance of discolored, scaly patches on the skin; ringworm.

99
Q

Trichomycosis

A

Fungal condition of the hair.

100
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion or sore of the epidermis or mucous membrane.

101
Q

Varicella

A

Contagious viral disease characterized by fever, headache, and a crop of red spots that become macules, papules, vesicles, and crusts; chickenpox.

102
Q

Vitiligo

A

Skin condition characterized by milk-white patches surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation.

103
Q

Wart

A

A skin lesion with a rough papillomatous surface (of viral origin) on the epidermis; verruca. A plantar wart, verruca plantaris, occurs on a pressure-bearing area, especially the sole of the foot.

104
Q

Wound

A

Injury to soft tissue caused by trauma; generally classified as open or closed.

105
Q

Xanthoderma

A

Yellowness of the skin.

106
Q

Xanthoma

A

Literally means yellow tumor; a soft, rounded plaque or nodule, usually on the eyelids, especially near the inner canthus.

107
Q

Xeroderma

A

Dry skin.

108
Q

Xerosis

A

Abnormal dryness of skin, mucous membranes, or the conjunctiva.

Med Term (20 decks)

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