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Patient Care > Ch . 15 > Flashcards

Ch . 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Apnea

A

cessation of spontaneous breathing

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2
Q

Atelectasis

A

absence of gas from part or the whole of the lungs as a result of failure of expansion or reabsorption of gas from the alveoli

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3
Q

Auscultation

A

listening to sounds within the body, ( the heart) typically through the use of a stethoscope

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4
Q

Body Temperature

A

measurement of the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body

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5
Q

Bradycardia / Pulse Rate

A

slowness of the heartbeat as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute (BPM)

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6
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormal slowness of breathing

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7
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

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8
Q

Diastolic

A

pertaining to dilation, or a period of relaxation of the heart, especially of the ventricles

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9
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing; AKA shortness of breath (SOB)

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10
Q

Febrile

A

pertaining to or characterized by fever

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11
Q

Homeostasis

A

constancy in the internal environment of the body, naturally maintained by adaptive responses to promote healthy survival

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12
Q

Hypertension

A

persistently high arterial blood pressure

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13
Q

What is Hyperthermia?
When the oral temperature is higher than ___ , a fever exists.

A
  • Abnormally high body temperature, especially that induced for therapeutic purposes
  • Higher than 99.5
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14
Q

What is hypotension, and what is the range?

A

abnormally low blood pressure; seen in shock but not necessarily indicative of shock
- Less than 95/60 mmHg

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15
Q

Hypothermia

A

low body temperature

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16
Q

Hypoxemia

A

decreased oxygen tension (concentration) in the blood

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17
Q

Hypoxia

A

Reduction of oxygen supply to the tissue

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18
Q

Intubation

A

insertion of a tubular device into a canal, hollow organ, or cavity

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19
Q

Orthopnea

A

difficulty breathing except when sitting up or standing erect

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20
Q

Pleural Effusion

A

increased amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity, usually the result of inflammation

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21
Q

pneumothorax

A

presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity

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22
Q

Pulse Oximeter

A

photoelectric device used for determining the oxygen saturation of the blood

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23
Q

Respiration

A

action of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide during breathing

24
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

an instrument for measuring blood pressure

25
Q

Systolic

A

Pertaining to tightening, or a period of contraction of the heart (myocardium), especially that of the ventricles

26
Q

Tachycardia / Greater than ___

A

The rapidity of the heart action, usually defined as a heart rate greater than 100 BPM

27
Q

What is tachypnea and name common a few common causes of tachypnea:

A

abnormal rapidity of breathing, greater than 20 breaths/min in the case of an adult patient
- Fever, anxiety, pain, infection, heart failure, chest trauma, decreased oxygen in the blood, and central nervous system disease

28
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air inhaled and exhaled during one respiratory cycle

29
Q

Ventilation

A

Mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs

30
Q

Rectal thermometry is believed to be the most accurately reflect core body temperature measures. Use of which alternative thermometer provides a measure that closely correlates to the rectal method?

A

temporal artery

31
Q

A patient is thought to have a separate cardiac arrest. The_________ peripheral artery may be assessed to verify the effectiveness of chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A

Femoral
Radial

32
Q

In the healthy adult, the normal range for blood pressure is

A

Systolic less than 120 mm Hg, diastolic less than 80mm Hg

33
Q

Hypoxia is

A

a state describing oxygen-deficient tissue

34
Q

What device can be classified as a high-oxygen delivery device?

A

air-entrainment mask

35
Q

Regarding oxygen delivery, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

  • Oxygen dose is ordered in liters per minute or in concentration as a fractional concentration of oxygen
  • The oxygen flow meter is green
  • The maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired result
  • The regulator attached to the oxygen tank consists of a flowmeter and pressure manometer
A

The maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired result

36
Q

An artificial airway is inserted into a patient’s trachea and connected to a mechanical ventilator. In this circumstance, all of the following are true statements EXCEPT:

  • The ventilator delivers a minimum set respiratory rate
  • A consistent Fi02 is delivered
  • The inspirator volume is reset
  • During chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient’s neck for proper head position
A
  • During chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient’s neck for proper head position
37
Q

A properly placed endotracheal tube will be radiographically confirmed when the

A

The distal tip is positioned 1 inch superior to the tracheal bifurcation

38
Q

Thoracostomy tubes are

A

Chest tubes used to drain the intrapleural space

39
Q

A patient is admitted to the emergency room and chest images are ordered. The order states the following: unless sitting up or standing erect, the patient has dyspnea. In this case, the patient has which of the following

A

orthopnea

40
Q

The primary mechanism that maintains homeostasis are

A

heartbeat
blood pressure
body temperature
respiratory rate
electrolyte balance

41
Q

Vital signs are

A

body temperature
pulse rate
blood pressure
respiratory rate

42
Q

5 common routes to measure body temperature are:
What are the “Normal Vital Signs” temperatures for each?

A

Oral (98.6)
axillary (97.6)
tympanic (97.6)
temporal (100)
rectal (99.6)

43
Q

Temperature ranges

A
44
Q

The normal pulse for adults and children:

A

Adult 60-100 beats/min
Child 70-120 beats/min

44
Q

The normal Respirations ranges for adults and children:

A

Adult 12-20 breathes/min
Child 20-30 breathes/min

45
Q

The normal blood pressure for adults and children:

A

Systolic <120 mm Hg
Diastolic <80 mm Hg

46
Q

What are the three common sites used to measure pulse rate?

A

-The radial artery; on the thumb side of the wrist
-The brachial artery; in the antecubital fossa of adults and the upper arm of infants
-The carotid artery; in the neck

47
Q

The turbulent sound of blood flow through the arteries during blood pressure measurement is called:

A

Korotkoff sounds

48
Q

How many minutes does it take to have irreversible damage to the brain without oxygen?

A

approximately 6 minutes

49
Q

Tissues most sensitive to hypoxia are:

A

Brain, Heart, Lungs, and Liver

50
Q

what color is the oxygen cylinder or flowmeter?

A

Green

51
Q

The most common device used to deliver low concentrations of oxygen is the

A

nasal cannula

52
Q

The body’s feedback processes are predominantly…..

A

Negative!

53
Q

What is the major muscle of ventilation?

A

The diaphragm

54
Q

______ is the term used to describe the body’s maintenance of heat production and heat loss.
The ____ plays an important role in regulating heat loss and can initiate peripheral vasodilation and sweating to dissipate body heat.

A
  • Thermoregulation
  • Hypothalamus

Patient Care (4 decks)

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