ch 1 adjusting to modern life

Question 1

adjustment

Answer 1

the psychological processes through which people manage or cope with the demands and challenges of everyday life

Question 2

behavior

Answer 2

any overt/observable response or activity by an organism

Question 2

case study

Answer 2

an in-depth investigation of an individual subject

Question 3

clinical psychology

Answer 3

the branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis an treatment of psychological problems and disorders

Question 4

control group

Answer 4

subjects in an experiment who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group

Question 5

correlation

Answer 5

the extent to which two variables are related to each other

Question 6

correlation coefficient

Answer 6

a numerical index of the degree of relationship that exists between two variables

Question 7

dependent variable

Answer 7

in an experiment, the variable that is thought to be affected by manipulation of the independent variable

Question 8

empiricism

Answer 8

the premise that knowledge should be acquired through the bloodstream

Question 9

experiment

Answer 9

a research method in which the investigator manipulates one variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether there are changes in a second variable as a result

Question 10

experimental group

Answer 10

the subjects in an experiment who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable

Question 11

hedonic adaptation

Answer 11

the phenomenon that occurs when the mental scale that people use to judge pleasantness-unpleasantness of their experiences shifts so that their neutral point, or baseline for comparison, is changed

Question 12

mnemonic devices

Answer 12

strategies for enhancing memories

Question 13

narcissism

Answer 13

is a personality trait marked by an inflated sense of importance, a need for attention and admiration, a sense of entitlement, and a tendency to exploit others

Question 14

psychology

Answer 14

the science that studies behavior and the psychological and mental processes that underlie it and the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems

Question 15

subjective well-being

Answer 15

individuals personal assessments of their overall happiness or life satisfaction

Question 16

surveys

Answer 16

structured questionnaires or interviews designed to solicit information about specific aspects of participants behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs