CFD Fire Knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

What are the low and high alarms for hydrogen sulfide? (H2S)

A

Low: 10ppm
High: 20ppm

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2
Q

NFPA stands for…

A

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

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3
Q

What are the 3 most important priorities of the fire service overall?
Or what are the 3 main priorities for the fire service?

A
  1. Life Safety
  2. Incident Stabilazation
  3. Property Conservation
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4
Q

IDLH means…

A

Immediate Danger to Life & Health

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5
Q

What does it mean for electrical equipment to be “intrinsically safe?”

A

The equipment is designed in a way that reduces the available energy to a level where it is too low to cause ignition

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6
Q

Our masks are CBRN rated. What does CBRN mean?

A

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear

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7
Q

PASS device stands for…

A

Personal Alert Safety System

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8
Q

The buddy breather’s on our SCBAs say “EEBSS” on them. What does this mean?

A

Emergency Escape Breathing Support System

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9
Q

How many FFs died on 9/11?

A

343

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10
Q

A first-degree burn is caused by our skin raising to what temperature?

A

118 F

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11
Q

A second-degree burn is caused by our skin raising to what temperature?

A

131 F

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12
Q

A third-degree burn is caused by our skin raising to what temperature? Skin becomes numb at this point.

A

140 F

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13
Q

What is Type 1 construction?

A

Fire Resistive

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14
Q

What is Type 2 construction?

A

Non-combustible - steel framing but doesn’t have the fire resistive coating.

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15
Q

What is Type 3 construction?

A

Ordinary - a building featuring exterior masonry walls and combustible interior beams or truss

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16
Q

What is Type 4 construction?

A

Heavy Timber

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17
Q

What is Type 5 construction?

A

Wood Frame/Lightweight

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18
Q

What color signifies a firewall in building construction?

A

Red

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19
Q

Studs in a wood frame wall are spaced how far apart?

A

16 or 24 inches - enough to get through a wall in a dire situation.

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20
Q

What is the history and meaning of the shield emblem firefighters wear on their shirts?

A

It’s a Maltese Cross, the legend goes that it’s a symbol of bravery based on the 11th-century Knights of Malta.

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21
Q

Why is a fire hydrant often called a plug?

A

Early American firefighters would have to access the water mains by cutting into them and closing them off with a “fire plug.”

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22
Q

What does egress mean?

A

Exit

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23
Q

How do pressurized stairway systems work in high rise structures?

A

There is usually a fan at the top that blows air down and away from the stairway. This keeps lethal smoke away from the only means of egress for people inside.

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24
Q

Skylights are commonly placed over what types of rooms?

A

Bathrooms, kitchens, and laundry rooms.

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25
Q

What are eaves on a home?

A

Eaves refer to the part of the roof that overhangs the side of your home.

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26
Q

Oxygen deficient percentage is…

A

<19.5%

27
Q

Oxygen rich percentage is…

A

<23% (fire and explosion hazards go up)

28
Q

Carbon monoxide (CO) safe level is…

A

<9ppm

29
Q

Action need to be taken with carbon monoxide at what PPM?

A

10ppm to 34ppm

30
Q

At what ppm is carbon monoxide IDLH?

A

1500 ppm

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/630080.html

31
Q

What is IDLH for H2S?

A

Hydrogen sulfide IDLH is >100ppm

32
Q

What H2S level is generally when people can smell a rotten egg smell?

A

0.01-1.5

33
Q

What are the 4 things you are looking at on a 4 Gas Meter?

A

Oxygen (O2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), and LEL (the lower explosive limit)

34
Q

What is LEL on a 4 Gas Meter?

A

It’s the lower limit percentage of a gas in an atmosphere. When an LEL of a gas reaches 100% it is rich enough to ignite. Our 4 Gas Meters are calibrated with Pentane.

35
Q

What’s the low and high alarm for carbon monoxide? (CO)

A

35ppm and 70ppm

36
Q

What’s the low and high alarm for oxygen? (O2)

A

19.5% and 23.5%. Below 19.5 is O2 deficient and above 23.5 is oxygen rich.

37
Q

What is the LEL reading calibrated with on our 4 Gas Meters?

A

Pentane

38
Q

What’s the IDLH ppm for Hydrogen Sulfide? (H2S)

A

100ppm

39
Q

What’s the high and low alarm for the LEL?

A

10% and 20%

40
Q

What is OPQRST?

A

An EMS assessment protocol.

O - Onset, what were you doing when your pain started?

P - Provokes, what makes your pain better or worse?

Q - Quality, what does your pain feel like?

R - Radiates, does your pain move to other places?

S - Severity, how bad does your pain feel on a scale of 1-10?

T - Time, how long have you been in pain?

41
Q

What is SAMPLE?

A

An EMS assessment protocol.

S - Symptoms
A - Allergies
M - Medications
P - Past Medical History
L - Last Oral Intake
E - Events Leading Up to Illness/Injury

42
Q

What is DCAP-BTLS?

A

It’s an EMS protocol for assessing trauma patients.

D - Deformities
C - Contusions
A - Abrasions
P - Penetrations

B - Burns
T - Tenderness
L - Lacerations
S - Swelling

43
Q

What are the 9 United Nations Hazardous Material classes including 9A?

A

Every - Explosives (Class 1)
Good - Gases (Class 2)
Fire - Flammable Liquids (Class 3)
Fighter - Flammable Solids (Class 4)
Obeys - Oxidizers (Class 5)
The - Toxins or Poisons (Class 6)
Rules - Radioactive Material (Class 7)
Cautiously - Corrosives (Class 8)
Most of the Time - Miscellaneous (C9)

9A - Lithium Batteries

44
Q

What’s RECEOVS?

A

It’s the general order of operations on the fire ground.

R - Rescue
E - Exposures (protect exposures first)
C - Contain
E - Extinguish
O - Overhaul
V - Ventilate (can be anywhere)
S - Salvage (can be anywhere)

45
Q

What are the O2 flow rates for a nasal cannula, non rebreather, and a BVM.

A

Nasal Cannula: 1-6 liters per minute
Non Rebreather: 10-15 lpm
BVM: 15 or greater

https://www.lummi-nsn.gov/userfiles/332_m3240082_AdministeringEmergencyOxygenFactandSkill.pdf

46
Q

For proper CPR:

Give the compression to ventilation ratio and required compression depth for an adult or child.

Give the compression to ventilation ratio and required compression depth for an infant.

A

Adult/Child - 30:2, 2 inches of depth.

Infant - 30:2, 1.5 inches of depth.

https://www.redcrosslearning.com/course-bin/bls-healthcare-resuscitation/app/content/a/en-US/resources/SS-CPR-for-Adults.pdf

https://www.redcross.org/take-a-class/cpr/performing-cpr/child-baby-cpr

47
Q

Explain the most common vital signs and symptoms associated with shock.

As an EMT how can you intervene?

A

Vital Signs: Delayed capillary refill. Decreasing blood pressure while pt is in tachycardia. (>120 beats per minute) Also while blood pressure is decreasing patient is in tachypnea. (>30-40 breaths per minute)

Symptoms: Cool, clammy, and pale skin. Absent or decreased peripheral pulses. In the case of neurogenic shock the skin can be flushed and warm before getting cold and pale.

Intervention: Blood is shunted from the body’s peripheral organs during shock and it takes lots of energy to keep the body warm so use a blanket to keep the patient warm. Also they aren’t perfusing so we can give oxygen therapy.

Source: https://www.naemt.org/docs/default-source/events/recognizing-and-treating-prehospital-shock—presentation-handout.pdf?sfvrsn=872ce493_0

48
Q

What’s a LUNAR report?

A

It’s a report used in a mayday scenario.

L - Location
U - Unit
N - Name
A - Assignment & Air Supply
R - Resources Needed

49
Q

What is the Rescue 42 TeleCrib Junior working load, length (collapsed and extended), and weight?

A

Working Load: 5000 lbs (2:1 Safety Factor)

Length: 41” (3.4 ft) collapsed / 69” (5.75 ft) extended

Weight: 30 lbs

50
Q

For the Rescue 42 Composite TeleCrib Long Strut:

What is the length, width and height of the collapsed struts with the baseplate and combi-head? (deployment ready storage laying flat)

(Long Strut: CTC-501)

A

Length: 45.5 inches (3.8ft)

Width: 7.5 inches

Height: 5 inches

51
Q

For the Rescue 42 Composite TeleCrib Long Strut:

What is the fully extended strut length with baseplate and combi-head?

(Long Strut: CTC-501)

A

101 inches or 8’ 5”

52
Q

What are the weight ratings from 3’ - 8’ for the Rescue 42 Composite Strut with 1 pin?

A

3’ - 10,000 lbs
4’ - 10,000 lbs
5’ - 10,000 lbs
6’ - 8,000 lbs
7’ - 5,000 lbs
8’ - 4,000 lbs

53
Q

What are the weight ratings from 3’ - 8’ for the Rescue 42 Composite Strut with 2 pins?

A

3’ - 18,000 lbs
4’ - 15,000 lbs
5’ - 11,000 lbs
6’ - 8,000 lbs
7’ - 5,000 lbs
8’ - 4,000 lbs

54
Q

For aerial ops, what is the 75-80-80 rule?

A

For flowing through the waterway the general rule is to flow at an angle no higher than 75°, no greater than 80% extension, and at 80 psi nozzle pressure is best.

55
Q

What are the weights of the DuoSafety 24’ and Alco-Lite 24’ extension ladders?

A

DuoSafety: 72 lbs

https://www.duosafety.com/products/aluminum-ladders/900A/

Alco-Lite: 75 lbs

https://www.fireladder.com/ladders/pumper-ladder/

56
Q

How many feet is a bedded 24’ extension ladder?

A

14’

57
Q

What is the rung rating on our 24’ extension ladders?

A

750 lbs, they have a 4:1 safety factor.

58
Q

What are the nozzle sizes and GPM rates for our Stinger 2.0 deck guns at 80 psi?

A

1 3/8” - 500 (502 gpms)
1.5” - 600 (598 gpms)
1.75” - 800 (814 gpms)
2” - 1000 (1063 gpms)

59
Q

A 10ft DuoSafety attic ladder is rated for how much weight?

A

300lbs

60
Q

The hooks on a DuoSafety 14’ roof ladder are rated for how much weight?

A

1000 lbs per hook with no 4:1 safety ratio

Reference: DuoSafety ladder manual

61
Q

What the normal glucose reading range for an adult?

A

80 - 120mmol/liter (millimoles per liter)

Also: It’s not a diabetic emergency for a known diabetic unless their BGL is over 300.

62
Q

How much does a single section of 1” 3/4 hose weigh dry?

A

21 lbs

63
Q

How much does a single section of 1” 3/4 hose weigh dry?

A

21 lbs

64
Q

What’s the weight of a 3 section Alcolite 35’ ladder?

A

170 lbs

https://www.fireladder.com/ladders/pumper-ladder/