Cerebral Vasculature Flashcards
How much cardiac output does the brain use?
10-20%
What percentage of the the body’s O2 consumption is due to the brain?
20%
What percentage of the liver glucose is consumed by the brain?
66%
List 3 major arteries that supply the brain.
Common carotid
Internal carotid
Vertebral artery
List arteries that supply the brain.
Anterior communicating anterior cerebral internal carotid middle cerebral posterior communicating posterior cerebral basilar vertebral
Summarise venous drainage of the brain
Cerebral veins > venous sinuses in the dura mater > inferior jugular vein
list dural venous sinuses.
superior sagittal sinus inferior sagittal sinus straight sinus transverse sinus sphenoparietal sinus cavernous sinus petrosal sinuses occipital sinus sigmoid sinus
List types of intracranial haemorrhage.
Extramural
Subdural
Subarachnoid
Intracerebral
What is a stroke?
rapidly developing focal disturbance of brain function of presumed vascular origin and of >24 hours duration
Define transient ischaemic attack.
rapidly developing focal disturbance of brain function of presumed vascular origin that resolves completely within 24 hours
Define infarction.
Degenerative changes which occur in tissue following occlusion of an artery
Define cerebral ischaemia.
Lack of sufficient blood supply to nervous tissue resulting in permanent damage if blood flow is not restored quickly
Define thrombosis.
Formation of blood clot
Define embolism.
plugging of small vessel by material carried from larger vessel e.g. thrombi from the heart or atherosclerotic debris from the internal carotid
List risk factors for stroke.
Age Hypertension Cardiac disease Smoking Diabetes mellitus
