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Important > Cerebral cortex blood supply > Flashcards

Cerebral cortex blood supply Flashcards

1
Q

on medial view of cerebral hemisphere:

separates the frontal and parietal lobes

A

cingulate sulcus

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2
Q

on medial view of cerebral hemisphere: separates the parietal and occipital lobes

A

parieto-occipital sulcus

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3
Q

on medial view of cerebral hemisphere:

divides the occipital lobe horizontally into the superior cuneus and inferior linguine gyrus

A

calcimine sulcus

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4
Q

on lateral view of cerebral hemisphere:

separates the frontal and parietal lobes

A

central sulcus

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5
Q

on lateral view of cerebral hemisphere:

separates the frontal and temporal lobes

A

lateral sulcus

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6
Q

Which cerebral cortex layer is more developed in sensory?

A

4 : internal granular layer

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7
Q

Which cerebral cortex layer is more developed in motor?

A 
# 3: external pyramidal layer 
# 5: internal pyramidal layer
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8
Q

Cerebral cortex layers

A 
# 1: molecular layer
# 2: external granular layer
# 3: external pyramidal layer 
# 4 : internal granular layer 
# 5: internal pyramidal layer 
# 6: multiform layer (layer of polymorphic cells)
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9
Q

Supplies the lateral surface of the frontal, parietal, and upper temporal lobes

A

Middle cerebral artery

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10
Q

Supplie she posterior limb and the genu of the internal capsule

A

Middle cerebral artery

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11
Q

Supplies most of the basal ganglia

A

Middle cerebral artery

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12
Q

Primary arteries of the vertebrobasilar (posterior circulation)

A

Vertebral arteries
Basilar arteries
Posterior cerebral arteries

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13
Q

branches of the vertebral arteries

A
  1. anterior spinal artery

2. posterior inferior cerebellar (PICA)

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14
Q

Supplies anterior 2/3 of spinal cord?

A

Anterior spinal artery

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15
Q

Deficit after stroke: dorsal columns spared; all else bilateral

A

anterior spinal artery

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16
Q

supplies dorsolateral medulla?

A

posterior inferior cerebellar (PICA)

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17
Q

branches of basilar artery

A
  1. pontine arteries
  2. anterior inferior cerebellar (AICA)
  3. superior cerebellar artery
  4. labyrinthine artery (sometimes arises from AICA)
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18
Q

supplies base of the pons

A

pontine artery

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19
Q

supplies inferior cerebellum and cerebellar nuclei

A

AICA

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20
Q

supplies dorsal cerebellar hemispheres; superior cerebellar peduncle

A

superior cerebellar artery

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21
Q

supplies inner ear

A

labyrinthine artery

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22
Q

supplies midbrain, thalamus, and occipital lobe

A

posterior cerebral arteries

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23
Q

deficit after stroke: contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing
or
Alexia with agraphia if dominant hemisphere is affected

A

posterior cerebral arteries

24
Q

Primary arteries of the internal carotid (anterior circulation)

A
  1. ophthalmic artery
  2. posterior communicating artery
  3. anterior cerebral artery
  4. anterior communicating artery
  5. middle cerebral artery
25
Q

branch of the ophthalmic artery?

A

central artery of retina

26
Q

middle cerebral artery branches?

A
  1. outer cortical

2. lenticulostriate

27
Q

supplies retina?

A

central artery of retina

28
Q

deficit after stroke: blindness

A

central artery of retina

29
Q

second most common aneurysm site ( often with CN 3 palsy)?

A

Posterior communicating artery

30
Q

supplies primary motor and sensory cortex of the (leg and foot)?

A

Anterior cerebral artery

31
Q

contralateral spastic paralysis and anesthesia of lower limb
or frontal lobe abnormalities

A

Anterior cerebral artery

32
Q

Most common site of aneurysm(berry aneurysm)

A

anterior communicating artery

33
Q

supplies lateral convexity of hemispheres

A

outer cortical

34
Q

supplies internal capsule, caudate, putamen, and globes pallidus

A

lenticulostriate

35
Q
  • contralateral spastic paralysis and anesthesia of the upper limb/face ;
  • gaze palsy;
  • aphasia ( if dominant hemisphere)
  • gertzmann syndrome( if dominant hemisphere)
  • hemi inattention and neglect of contralateral body ( right parietal lobe lesion)
A

Middle cerebral artery

36
Q

areas 3, 1, 2

A

primary somatosensory cortex

37
Q

area 4

A

primary motor cortex

38
Q

area 6

A

premotor cortex

39
Q

areas 44, 45

A

brocas speech areas

40
Q

area 22

A

wernicke area

41
Q

area 39

A

angular gyrus

42
Q

lesion to primary motor and premotor cortex

A

contralateral spastic paresis (region depends on area of homunculus affected ); premotor: apraxia

43
Q

lesion to frontal eye fields

A

eyes deviate to the ipsilateral side

44
Q

lesion to broca’s speech area

A

broca aphasia (expressive, nonfluent aphasia): patent can understand written and spoken language but speech and writing are slow and effortful; patient is aware of problem; also a/w right arm weakness and right lower face weakness

45
Q

lesion to prefrontal cortex

A

frontal lobe syndrome: symptoms can include poor judgment, difficulty concentrating, and problem solving, apathy and inappropriate social behavior

46
Q

lesion to primary somatosensory cortex

A

contralateral hemihypesthesia

47
Q

lesion to superior parietal lobule

A

contralateral astereogenesis/apraxia

48
Q

lesion to inferior parietal lobule (angular gyrus : area 39)

A

Gerstmann syndrome (if dominant hemisphere): right/left confusion, Alexia, dyscalculia,and dysgraphia, finger agnosia, contralateral hemianopia, or lower quandratonopia; unilateral neglect (non-dominant)

49
Q

lesion to primary auditory cortex

A

bilateral image –> deafness
or
unilateral leads to slight hearing loss

50
Q

lesion to wernicke’s area

A

Wernicke aphasia (receptive, fluent aphasia): patient cannot understand any form of language; speech is fast and fluent but not comprehensible

Sensory dysprosodia (R) dominant lobe

51
Q

lesion to hippocampus

A

bilateral lesions lead to inability to consolidate short term to long term memories

52
Q

lesion to amygdala

A

Kluver busy syndrome: hyperplasia, hyper sexuality, and visual agnosia

53
Q

lesion to olfactory bulb, tract, or primary cortex

A

ipsilateral anosmia

54
Q

lesion to meyer loop ( visual radiations)

A

contralateral upper quadrantanopia

55
Q

lesion to primary visual cortex

A

cortical blindness if bilateral or macular sparing hemianopia

Important (6 decks)

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