Cells in deez bellz

Question 1

What is the function of the cell surface membrane?

Answer 1

It is partially permeable controls substances entering and leaving the cell by only allowing small-sized substances to pass through it, into and out of the cell.

Question 2

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 2

Ribosomes attached to the surface membrane RER are responsible for making proteins that are usually transported out of the cell. Ribosomes lying freely in the cell are responsible for making proteins that are used within the cytoplasm of the cell

Question 3

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 3

Mitochondria is responsible for aerobic respiration in which glucose is oxidised to release energy that is used to carry out cellular activities like growth/reproduction.

Question 4

What is the physical description and function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 4

It consists of a network of flattened spaces lined with a membrane, and the outer surface of the RER is continuous with the nuclear envelope. The RER transports proteins made by ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus, for secretion out of the cell.

Question 5

What is the physical appearance of the Golgi apparatus, and its function?

Answer 5

The GA has a disc like shape and has a stack of flattened spaces that are surrounded by membranes. It chemically modifies substances made by the endoplasmic reticulum and stores and packages these substances in vesicles for secretion out of the cell.

Question 6

Describe the appearance and functions of centrioles

Answer 6

A pair of centrioles are present in an animal cell. These centrioles are small and hollow cylinders. They are usually found near the nucleus. Produce spindle fibres during nuclear division. These spindle fibres attached to centromere of chromosomes.

Question 7

What is the difference between a complex tissue and a simple tissue?

Answer 7

Complex tissues are made of different types of cells that work together to perform a particular function, while simple tissues are made of the same kind of cells that work together to perform a specific function.

Question 8

How are substances made by the endoplasmic reticulum transported to the Golgi apparatus and secreted out of the cell.

Answer 8

1. Substances are made by the endoplasmic reticulum and travel within the cell in vesicles. These vesicles containing substances made by the ER are pinched off.
2. vesicles fuse with the Golgi apparatus, and release its content. The substances are chemically modified. They are then stored and packaged in vesicles for secretion out of the cell.
3. Secretory vesicles containing these substances are pinched off from the Golgi apparatus and travel to the cell surface membrane
4. The secretory vesicles fuse with the cell surface membrane, and release the contents outside the cell.

Question 9

Describe the physical appearance of vacuoles and their functions

Answer 9

Animal cell
Vacuoles are fluid-filled spaces enclosed by a membrane.
In animal cells: Many small vacuoles that contain water and food substances(glucose)
Plant cell
One or few large permanent central vacuoles that are enclosed by a partially permeable membrane called tonoplast.
In plant cells: One or few large central vacuoles that contain liquid called cell sap which contains dissolved mineral salts, food substances(amino acids), and amino acids.

Question 10

Describe the physical appearance and function of the cell wall

Answer 10

The cell wall is made of cellulose which is a strong substance to protect the cell from injury and gives the plant cell a fixed shape, holding the cell together
The cell wall also surrounds the cell membrane and is fully permeable to allow substances of any size to pass through into and out of the cell.