Cells

Question 1

What are the parts of a plant cell?

Answer 1

1. Cell Wall
2. Cell Membrane
3. Cytoplasm
4. Vacuole
5. Chloroplast
6. Nucleus
7. Chromosomes (Found in Nucleus)
8. Mitochondria

Question 2

How to calculate the magnification of a microscope?

Answer 2

Image Size/Actual Size

Question 3

Cell membrane. What does it do?

Answer 3

Allow some substances to move in and out of
the cell (partially permeable)

Question 4

Cytoplasm. What does it do?

Answer 4

Jelly like liquid where chemical reactions take place.

Question 5

Cell Wall. What does it do?

Answer 5

Supports plant cell and gives it a regular shape.

Question 6

Nucleus. What does it do?

Answer 6

Controls activities in the cell for cell division.

Question 7

Vacuole. What does it do?

Answer 7

Stores air, liquid or food in animal cells;

Makes a plant cell firm by taking in water

Question 8

Chloroplasts. What does it do?

Answer 8

Found only in green/coloured plants; Contains
chlorophyll to trap sunlight for the
manufacture of food.

Question 9

Mitochondrion/ Mitochondria. What does/do it/they do?

Answer 9

The ‘powerhouse’ of the cell. Site where respiration takes place.

Question 10

Describe the vacuoles in the plant cells and animal cells.

Answer 10

They are small and numerous in animal cells. They are large and few in plant ones.

Question 11

What are the 11 parts of a microscope?

Answer 11

1. body tube
2. revolving nosepiece
3. objective
4. stage clips
5. diaphragm
6. light source
7. eyepiece
8. Arm
9. stage
10. coarse adjustment Knob
11. Fine adjustment Knob
12. Base

Question 12

What is DNA?

Answer 12

Deoxyribonucleic acid (or DNA) is a molecule which is
made up of many nucleotides.

Question 13

What are the four nitrogenous bases and how do they pair up?

Answer 13

A – Adenine A – T
G – Guanine C – G
C – Cytosine
T – Thymine

Question 14

What is a Chromosome and what do they do?

Answer 14

A chromosome is made up of deoxyribonucleic acid

(DNA) and protein molecules. Carry genetic information in the form of DNA.

Question 15

What is a Genome?

Answer 15

Complete set of instructions for making an organism and contains the master blueprint for all cellular structures and activities for the lifetime of the cell or organism.

Question 16

What is Mitosis?

Answer 16

Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets, in two separate nuclei forming two identical ‘daughter’ cells.

Question 17

What are daughter cells?

Answer 17

Each daughter nucleus has the same number of

chromosomes as the parent nucleus and they are genetically identical.

Question 18

What is a Tissue?

Answer 18

Cells of the same type working together

having the same function make up a tissue.

Question 19

What are 4 Animal Tissues?

Answer 19

– Connective tissue
– Epithelial tissue
– Muscle tissue
– Nerve tissue

Question 20

What is an Organ?

Answer 20

Different tissues working together to perform a particular function make up an organ.

Question 21

What are 3 Animal Organs?

Answer 21

– Brain
– Heart
– Stomach

Question 22

What are 3 Plant organs?

Answer 22

– Flowers
– Leaves
– Roots

Question 23

What is a System?

Answer 23

Different organs working together to perform a

particular function make up a system.

Question 24

What are the 2 Plant Systems and 7 Animal Systems?

Answer 24

– The circulatory system
– The digestive system
– The excretory system
– The respiratory system
– The reproductive system
– The skeletal system
– The nervous system

– The transport system
– The reproductive system

Question 25

How does DNA multiply?

Answer 25

Fission and addition of new bases.

Question 26

What is the division of labour?

Answer 26

It is the dividing of work among cells where each type of cell is designed to do a particular function well. This is more efficient than if each cell does all the job on its own. Cells may have special features for jobs to be done more efficiently.